影响卒中后患者营养不良相关因素的研究

目的 调查社区医院住院的卒中后患者营养不良的检出率以探讨影响恢复期卒中患者营养不良的相关因素.方法 采用横断面研究,以438例社区医院住院的卒中后患者为研究对象,记录营养学评定指标及可能导致营养不良的相关因素.结果 438例卒中后患者营养不良的检出率达52.7%;多因素logistic回归分析显示:卒中次数越多、美国国立卫生研究院卒中评分及Rankin残障量表评分分值越高,检出营养不良的风险越大(趋势检验P<0.0001),营养不良的风险还与卒中后抑郁、家庭照料差、未进行早期康复及大量饮酒史相关.结论 社区医院卒中后患者营养不良检出率高、影响因素多,关注卒中后患者营养状况的可控因素有利于卒中预后.

The risk factors for malnutrition in post-stroke patients

Objective To investigate the detection rate of malnutrition among post-stroke patients in community hospitals and unravel the relevant factors that precipitate malnutrition after stroke. Methods Based on 438 post-stroke patients who were admitted in community hospitals, we examined the demographic characteristics, the nutritional indices and the possible malnutrition related factors through a cross-sectional study.Results The detection rate of malnutrition among post-stroke patients was 52.7%. Group comparison through multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was a higher malnutrition detection rate in the post-stroke patients with multiple stroke attacks (three stroke attackes and above, OR = 11.00,95%CI 1. 14-106.34), higher NIHSS scores (group with NIHSS≥15, OR=7.09, 95% CI 2.90-17.36) , higher modified Rankin scales (group mRS 4-5, OR = 15. 77,95% CI 6.61-37.59) (trend test P<0.0001) .The risk of malnutrition was also correlated with the post-stroke depression, poorer family care, no early-stage rehabilitation, history of malignant tumors and severe alcoholism. Conclusions There is a high detection rate of malnutrition among post-stroke patients in community hospitals. There are many factors related to malnutrition among post-stroke patients in the community. More attention to controllable influencing factors would improve the prognosis of post-stroke patients.