Osteopenia and osteoporosis in gastrointestinal diseases: diagnosis and treatment |
| |
Authors: | Southerland J C Valentine J F |
| |
Institution: | (1) Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Florida and Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Box 100214, 32610 Gainesville, FL, USA |
| |
Abstract: | An increased awareness of the higher incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis associated with a number of gastrointestinal
disease states has occurred over the last few years. High rates of bone loss have been reported in luminal diseases such as
inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease as well as in cholestatic liver diseases and in the post-liver transplant setting.
The post-gastrectomy state and chronic pancreatitis are also associated with decreased bone density. Publications over the
last year have provided a better understanding of the true incidence of osteoporosis and fracture risk in these gastrointestinal
disease states. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry remains the diagnostic procedure of choice. Biochemical markers of bone resorption
have a role in identifying those patients with ongoing bone loss and monitoring their response to therapy. Identification
of patients at risk and initiation of measures to prevent bone loss form the optimal therapeutic strategy. This article reviews
advancements in the understanding of the development and activation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. It also reviews the recent
data concerning the diagnosis and treatment of bone loss associated with various gastrointestinal disease states. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|