广州市越秀区和荔湾区居民平均寿命及去死因寿命分析

目的了解2012年广州市户籍居民的平均寿命及主要死因的去死因寿命。方法2012年广州市越秀区和荔湾区户籍人口信息和死亡监测资料分别从2个区的疾病预防控制中心获得。死因分类按照国际疾病分类（ICD-10）进行编码。简略寿命表和去死因寿命表的编制按照蒋庆琅建立的方法进行计算。结果共分析越秀区和荔湾区户籍人口1882888人，其中男性941876人（占50．02％），女性941012人（占49．98％）。共发生死亡13460例，其中男性7616例（占56．6％），女性5844例（占43．4％）。总人群死因顺位前8位的分别为恶性肿瘤（死亡率为203．94／10万）、心血管疾病（165．49／10万）、呼吸系统疾病（147．22／10万）、脑血管疾病（89．54／10万）、损伤和中毒（22．99／10万）、消化道疾病（21．88／10万）、内分泌、营养和代谢性疾病（20．29／10万）以及感染性疾病（8．13／10万）。总人群的平均寿命为81．80岁，男性和女性的平均寿命分别为79．24、84．49岁。男性中主要去死因寿命损失顺位为恶性肿瘤（3．82岁）、呼吸系统疾病（2．58岁）、心血管疾病（2．42岁）、脑血管疾病（1．17岁）、损伤和中毒（O．46岁）、消化道疾病（0．32岁）、内分泌、营养和代谢性疾病（0．25岁）以及感染性疾病（0．22岁）。女性中的主要去死因寿命损失顺位为心血管疾病（2．97岁）、恶性肿瘤（2．63岁）、呼吸系统疾病（2．05岁）、脑血管疾病（1．28岁）、损伤和中毒（0．40岁）、内分泌、营养和代谢性疾病（0．33岁）、消化道疾病（0．30岁）和感染性疾病（O．08岁）。结论广州市居民的平均寿命呈增加趋势，女性平均寿命高于男性。慢性非传染性疾病是影响居民寿命的主要因素。

Life table and cause eliminated life table in the population of Yuexiu and Liwan Districts in Guang- zhou City

Objective To understand the life tables and cause eliminated life tables of main death causes in the population of Guangzhou in 2012. Methods Mortality data and demographical information in Yuexiu and Liwan Districts of Guangzhou during 2012 were collected from the local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDCs）. Causes of death were categorized using codes of the International Classifi- cation of Diseases 10th Revision （ICD-10）. The life tables and cause eliminated life tables were calculated according to the method established by Jiang Qinglang. Results A total of 1 882 888 residents in Yuexiu and Liwan Districts were recruited in the present study, including 941 876 （50.02%） males and 941 012 （49. 98% ） females. 13 460 deaths were recorded during the study period, including 7 616 （56. 6% ） males and 5 844 （43.4%） females. The top eight causes of death in the total participants were malignant tumors （mortality was 203.94/100 000）, cardiovascular diseases （ 165.49/100 000）, respiratory diseases （ 147. 22/100 000）, cerebrovaseular diseases （89. 54/100 000）, injuries and poisoning （22. 99/100 000）, gastrointestinal diseases （21.88/100 000）, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases （20. 29/100 000）, and infectious diseases （8. 13/100 000）. The life expectancy was 81.80 years in all recruited population, 79. 24 years in males, and 84.49 years in females. The top eight leading causes of the life losses were ma- lignant tumors （ 3.82 years）, respiratory diseases （ 2. 58 years）, cardiovascular diseases （ 2.42 years）, cerebrovascular diseases （1.17 years）, injuries and poisoning （0.46 years）, gastrointestinal diseases （0. 32 years）, endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases （0. 25 years）, and infectious diseases （0. 22 years） in males and cardiovascular diseases （ 2. 97 years ）, malignant tumors （ 2. 63 years）, respiratory diseases （2. 05 years） , eerebrovascular diseases （ 1.28 years） , injuries and poisoning （0.40 years） , en- docrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases （0. 33 years）, gastrointestinal diseases （0. 30 years）, and in- fectious diseases （0. 08 years） in females. Conclusion Life expectancy of residents in Guangzhou has a trend of increment. The life expectancy of females was higher than that of males. Chronic non-infectious diseases have become the main causes affecting people＇ s life expectancy.