石化企业周边中老年居民的多环芳烃内暴露水平研究

目的了解我国石化企业周边居民体内多种多环芳烃（PAHs）的内暴露水平与分布特征。方法于2012年7月选取我国南方某大型石化企业，采用系统抽样法在石化企业周边收集到当地≥45岁居民的尿样。采用快速液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱仪检测多环芳烃羟基代谢物（OH—PAHs）。结果本研究共调查165名≥45岁石化企业周边居民，男、女性分别为81、84人，以45～64岁居民为主，占62．82％（102／165）。职业构成主要以农民为主，占49．09％（81／165）。检出2-羟基萘（2-OHN）、1-羟基萘（1-OHN）、2-羟基芴＋3-羟基芴（2-＋3-OHF）、2-羟基菲（2-OHPhe）、3-羟基菲（3-OHPhe）、4-羟基菲（4-OHPhe）、1-羟基菲＋9-羟基菲（1-＋9-OHPhe）和1-羟基芘（1-OHP）10种OH-PAHs，其浓度的中位数分别为：1．83、1．34、0．51、0．14、0．21、0．07、0．69、0．25μmol／mol肌酐，除2-OHN和1-＋9-OHPhe之间无相关性，其他各OH-PAHs间均呈正相关关系（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），相关系数在0．20～0．76之间。除OHPhes外，吸烟人群体内的其他OH-PAHs含量均高于不吸烟人群（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论石化厂区域中老年居民尿液样本中以总羟基萘（1-OHN和2-OHN）为主，这与石化厂多环芳烃的污染主要是低环的化合物为主一致。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure levels in the middle and old age residents around a pet- rochemical enterprise

Objective To investigate human internal exposure levels and composition of polycy- clic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in urine of residents living around a petrochemical enterprise. Meth- ods According to continuous random variables sampling method, urine samples from residents living a- round a petrochemical enterprise in South China were collected in July 2012. The hydroxyl-PAHs （ OH- PAHs） in the urine samples were detected by the rapid liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Results A total of 165 residents （81 males and 84 females） aged 45 and over were investigated. Among the residents, 102 （62. 82% ） were aged 45 to 64 years. Their occupation was mainly farmer （49, 09% , 81/165 ）. Ten OH-PAHs detected in the urinary samples and their median con- centrations of the metabolites were 2-hydroxy naphthalene （1.83 μmol/mol creatinine） , 1-hydroxy naphtha- lene （1.34） , 2- ＋ 3-hydroxy fluorene （0. 51 ） , 2-hydroxy phenanthrene （ 0. 14 ） , 3-hydroxy phenanthrene （0. 21 ） ,4-hydroxy phenanthrene （0. 07 ） , 1- ＋ 9-hydroxy phenanthrene （0. 69 ） and 1-hydroxy pyrene （0. 25）. Except 2-OHN and 1- ＋ 9-OHPhe, the other OH-PAHs were positively correlated （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0. 01 ） and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0. 20 to 0.76. Conclusion OH-PAHs in urine sam- ples of residents living around the petrochemical enterprise were dominated by total hydroxyl naphthalene（ 1 -OHN and 2-OHN）, which was consistent with the fact that the main pollutants of the petrochemical fac- tory were low ring OH-PAHs.