叶酸干预对运动人群血浆炎症因子的影响

目的研究叶酸对运动人群炎症水平的干预效果。方法以广东省某体育训练基地运动员为研究对象，纳入研究的运动员在均衡膳食基础上给予口服补充叶酸3个月（1．0mg／d），在干预前和干预3个月后进行问卷调查、3d24h膳食调查和血液样本采集。问卷调查内容包括人口学特征及既往病史、营养剂服用等情况；运用中国CDC开发的营养计算软件（2．1版）对获得的膳食资料进行日均能量、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪及叶酸摄入量计算；实验室检测血浆肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）、白介素-8（IL-8）、白介素-10（IL-10）、白介素-1β（IL-1β）的水平及IL-10／TNF-α比率，比较叶酸干预前后运动人群血浆叶酸及炎症因子含量变化情况。结果研究共纳入114名运动员，其中男性56名（49．1％），女性58名（50．9％）。平均年龄为（22．24±4．16）岁，平均体质指数（BMI）为22．70±4．19。叶酸干预3个月后，研究对象血浆TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-8水平明显降低（干预前分别为87．90、2．85、20．29pg／mL，干预后分别为47．92、1．89、12．39pg／mL），差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。而血浆叶酸水平从3．86ng／mL升高到9．59ng／mL；干预后IL-10／TNF-α比率为3．54，高于干预前的2．54，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论叶酸可减低运动员血浆促炎因子TNF-α，IL-1β及IL-8的水平，升高IL-10／TNF-α比率，降低长期高强度运动训练人群体内炎症水平。

Effect of folic acid supplement on plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines in athletes

Objective To study the intervention effect of folic acid on inflammatory cytokines in athletes. Methods Athletes in a sports training base in Guangdong Province were recruited. All subjects were orally administrated folic acid supplement （ 1.0 mg/d） for 3 months. Balanced diet was required dur- ing the period. Before and after the folic acid intervention for three months, questionnaire survey was con- ducted to collect information including age, gender, height, weight, education level, disease history, and dietary supplement intake. Dietary survey was conducted over three consecutive days by 24 - hour recall method. Average daily intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and dietary folic acid were calculated by the obtained dietary data using nutritional calculation software 2. 1 designed by Chinese CDC. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factorα （TNF-α）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, interleu- kin-8 （IL-8）, interleukin10 （IL-10）, and interleukin-1l3 （IL-1β） were evaluated before and after 3-month folic acid intervention. Results A total of 114 athletes were recruited, including 56 males （49. 1% ） and 58 females （50. 9% ）. Their age was（22. 24 ±4. 16） years （mean± SD ） and BMI was 22. 70 ± 4. 19. After folic acid intervention for three months, the plasma levels of TNF-α （47.92 pg/mL）, IL-8 （ 1.89 pg/mL）, and IL-1β （ 12. 39 pg/mL） were significantly lower than those before the intervention （87.90 pg/mL, 2. 85 pg/mL, and 20. 29 pg/mL, respectively, P 〈0. 01 for all）; while the plasma level of folate increased from 3.86 ng/mL to 9.59 ng/mL （P 〈0. 01 ） and the IL-10/TNF-α ratio increased from2. 54 to 3.54 （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Folic acid supplement can decrease the plasma levels of pro-in- flammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8, increase the IL-10/TNF-α ratio, thus reduce inflammatory levels in athletes undergoing long-term intensive exercise training.