Clinical pharmacy services in the emergency department |
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| Authors: | Sofie Rahman Morgan Nicole M. Acquisto Zlatan Coralic Vicki Basalyga Matthew Campbell John J. Kelly Kevin Langkiet Claire Pearson Erick Sokn Michael Phelan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA;2. Department of Pharmacy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA;3. Department of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;4. American System of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), Bethesda, MD, USA;5. Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA;6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Einstein Healthcare Network, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA;g. Department of Emergency Medicine, Benefis Health System, Great Falls, MT, USA;h. Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA;i. Emergency Services Institute, Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic Enterprise Quality, Cleveland, OH, USA;j. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA;k. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The emergency department (ED) is a fast-paced, high-risk, and often overburdened work environment. Formal policy statements from several notable organizations, including the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) and the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), have recognized the importance of clinical pharmacists in the emergency medicine (EM) setting. EM clinical pharmacists work alongside emergency physicians and nurses at the bedside to optimize pharmacotherapy, improve patient safety, increase efficiency and cost-effectiveness of care, facilitate antibiotic stewardship, educate patients and clinicians, and contribute to scholarly efforts. This paper examines the history of EM clinical pharmacists and associated training programs, the diverse responsibilities and roles of EM clinical pharmacists, their impact on clinical and financial outcomes, and proposes a conceptual model for EM clinical pharmacist integration into ED patient care. Finally, barriers to implementing EM clinical pharmacy programs and limitations are considered. |
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| Keywords: | Pharmacists Clinical Medication safety Patient outcomes Emergency medicine |
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