大段骨移植骨接合面的生物力学研究

目的 :探讨适合髓内固定的骨接合端处理方案的理论基础。方法 :采用新鲜猪股骨 2 5根 ,随机均分横形截骨组 ,斜形截骨组 ,阶梯形截骨组 ,“V”形 3 0°截骨组 ,“V”形 45°截骨组。所有标本采用髓内固定 ,并制成股骨———环氧树脂复合体的试件。对所有试件进行压缩刚度、扭矩刚度、最大扭矩等生物力学实验 ,观察不同截骨形状的稳定性。结果 :“V”形 45°截骨接合的扭矩刚度值最大 ,横形最差。“V”形 45°截骨在抗最大扭力时产生骨折 ;“V”形 3 0°截骨接合部抗压缩性较好 ,有较强的抗扭转力 ,在最大扭矩实验中没有出现骨折。结论 :在设计大段骨移植骨接合端时 ,采用“V”形 3 0°角的处理方案 ,经髓内钉固定 ,能提供这类骨接合更好的初期稳定性。

The Biomechanical Studies on the Bone Juncture of Massive Allograft

Objective:To study the theoretical basis of a more adaptive project in dealing with bone juncture.Methods:Twenty five fresh pig femurs were randomly divided into five different groups:the transversely resected group;the obliquely resected group;stepladder shaped resected group;30 degrees resected"V" shaped group;45 degrees resected "V" shaped group.All the groups were fixed with intramedullary nail,and then were made into femur-epoxy resin compound pieces.So,such biomechanical experiments as compression rigidity,torsion rigidity and maximal torsion were carried out,and the steadiness of differently resected bones were observed.Results In the test of torsion rigidity,the situation of 45 degrees resected group was the best,and that of 30 degrees resected group was the second,that of the transversely resected group was the worst.45 degrees resected"V" shaped bone fractured when withstanding the maximal twisting force,while the 30 degrees resected"V" shaped bone didn't fracture in the same test for their property of better anti compression and anti torsion.Conclusion The project that bones were resected by 30 degrees"V"shape could provide better interface and more reliable steadiness.