广西南宁地区壮族人群ABO和RhD血型分布及其基因频率调查研究

目的了解广西南宁地区壮族人群中ABO和RhD血型分布及基因频率，为指导本地区制定合理的采血、储血计划以及防治新生儿ABO溶血病提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取南宁市的隆安、武呜、上林三县壮族无关个体4527名进行ABO、RhD血型鉴定和分析。结果广西南宁地区壮族ABO血型分布特征为O〉B〉A〉AB；其基因频率P（A）=0．1312、q（B）=0．1761、r（O）=0．6927。ABO血型表型分布及基因频率相对稳定，符合Hardy—Weinberg平衡法则。民族指数为0．7636。南宁地区壮族人群Rh（D）阳性频率为99．8012％，Rh（D）阴性率为0．1988％，d基因频率为0．044587。结论南宁地区壮族人群Rh（D）阴性发生率较低；其ABO血型分布显示南方地区少数民族特征，即O基因频率较高，A基因频率偏低。

Investigation on distribution of ABO and RhD blood type and gene frequencies of Zhuang minority in Nanning District of Guangxi

Objective To investigate the distribution of RhD and ABO blood type and gene frequencies in Zhuang nationality in Nanning, Guangxi in order to provide the evidence for making reasonable blood management plan and prevention of ABO hemolytic disease of newborn. Methods The ABO and RhD blood groups of 4 527 unre- lated individuals were analyzed by randomized samphng. Results Blood type distribution showed O 〉 B 〉 A 〉 AB, the genetic frequency included p （A） = 0. 1312, q（B） = 0. 1761 and r（O） = 0. 6927. The distribution of ABO blood type and genetic frequency met Hardy-Weinberg. Nationality index was 0. 7636. The rate of positive RhD was 99. 8012% ,the rate of negative Rh（D） was 0. 1988% and the rate of d gene was 0. 044587. Conclusion Zhuang nationality in Nanning had low rate of negative Rh（D） and distribution of ABO was characteristic of minority in this area, i.e. rate of O gene was high and rate of A gene was low.