Clinical practice |
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Authors: | J Peter de Winter Machteld A G de Vries Luc J I Zimmermann |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pediatrics, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Pediatrics, Research School Oncology and Developmental Biology-grow, Maastricht University Medical Hospital, Maastricht, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | The most important goal of introducing noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been to decrease the need for intubation and, therefore,
mechanical ventilation in newborns. As a result, this technique may reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
In addition to nasal CPAP, improvements in sensors and flow delivery systems have resulted in the introduction of a variety
of other types of NIV. For the optimal application of these novelties, a thorough physiological knowledge of mechanics of
the respiratory system is necessary. In this overview, the modern insights of noninvasive respiratory therapy in newborns
are discussed. These aspects include respiratory support in the delivery room; conventional and modern nCPAP; humidified,
heated, and high-flow nasal cannula ventilation; and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Finally, an algorithm
is presented describing common practice in taking care of respiratory distress in prematurely born infants. |
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Keywords: | |
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