中国小型猪阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停模型的建立

目的　建立一个稳定、可靠、与临床病理状态接近的阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA)动物模型。方法　中国小型猪 10头 ,分为A、B两组 ,A组采用凝胶外部注射法制作模型 ;B组采用凝胶内部注射法制作模型。手术过程中及结束后 ,用多导睡眠仪检测脑电图、口鼻气流、鼾声、胸式呼吸、腹式呼吸、血氧饱和度。 1周后复查多导睡眠图。 2周后行CT检查 ,3个月后处死动物行病理形态学检查。结果　手术结束后两组动物均出现呼吸暂停或低通气及血氧饱和度下降 ,组间相比呼吸暂停时间、呼吸暂停指数、血氧饱和度无明显差别。 1周后复查 ,两组呼吸暂停时间、呼吸暂停指数均较术后当天明显增加 ,血氧饱和度明显下降 ,P <0 0 5 ,B组上述指标的变化更为明显 ,P <0 0 5。CT检查结果 :A组咽腔有一定程度的狭窄 ;B组咽腔呈明显狭窄状。病理形态学结果 :光镜下可见呈交联状的凝胶 ,表面有一层由排列整齐的胶原纤维和弹性纤维形成的结缔组织薄膜 ,胶原纤维和弹性纤维向凝胶内部生长。结论　凝胶注射法建立的慢性阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停模型稳定、可靠、重复性好 ,与临床病理状态接近 ,可进行长期的、动态的研究 ,可广泛应用于睡眠呼吸暂停综合征发病机制、病理生理及治疗学等领域的研究 ,相比而言 ,内部注射法更优。

Animal Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in China Swine

Objective To build up a steady and credible animal model with verging on clinic pathological state of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods Ten China swine were divided into two groups (A and B, 5 each). Group A was treated by injecting polyacrylamide hydrogel from exterior. Group B was treated by injecting polyacrylamide hydrogel from interior. EEG, oro-nasal airflow, snoring, chest respiration, abdomen respiration and oxygen-saturation were recorded by PSG after operation. Examination was repeated one week later. CT was done two weeks later. Animals were sacrificed three month later and prepared for examination by light microscopy. Results All animals showed apnea or hypopnea and decreased in SaO 2 after operation. There was no difference between groups. Apnea duration and apnea index in all animals were increased significantly and SaO 2 decreased significantly one week later. The changes in animals of group B were more obvious. As for result of CT examination, there was stenosis in some degree at faucial cavity in animals of group A and obvious stenosis at faucial cavity in animals of group B. Under light microscopy, connective tissue pellicle comprising elastic and collagen could be seen at the exterior of polyacrylamide hydrogel. Conclusions This chronic animal model of OSA in China swine is steady and credible. It verges on clinic pathological state and can be reduplicated. It accords with medical ethnics and has a very slight trauma to the animal. The model can be applied to investigate pathogenesis, pathophysiology and therapeutics of sleep apnea syndrome(SAS) extensively.