Prediction of the Risk of Coronary Arterial Lesions in Kawasaki Disease by Brain Natriuretic Peptide |
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Authors: | Kazunari Kaneko Ken Yoshimura Atsushi Ohashi Takahisa Kimata Tomohiko Shimo Shoji Tsuji |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan |
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Abstract: | Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis associated with the development of coronary arterial lesions (CALs)
occurring in 3–5% of children treated by intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). However, a considerable number of patients who
are not responding to IVIG are at much higher risk. Although studies have explored potential biomarkers to predict patients
with KD who are at risk of CAL, no useful single marker exists. We hypothesized that the serum concentrations of the N-terminal
moiety of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) can be useful to predict CAL. Forty-three children with KD (29 males and 14
females) were enrolled in this study. Despite IVIG, 6 of the 43 patients developed CAL. There were, however, no significant
differences in variables between children with CAL and those without CAL: These include age, gender, day of the illness, leukocyte
count, and the serum levels of sodium, C-reactive protein, and albumin. The serum NT-proBNP level was significantly higher
in children with CAL than those without CAL (2,611 ± 1,699 vs. 1,073 ± 1,427 pg/ml; P = 0.03): the cutoff value of 1,000 pg/ml to predict CAL produced a specificity of 0.68, sensitivity of 0.83, and an odds
ratio as high as 10.4. In conclusion, NT-proBNP is increased in KD patients who are developing CAL, and patients with an elevated
serum NT-proBNP >1,000 pg/ml have a risk of CAL ~10 times higher than that of patients with a modest increase. |
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