肺泡表面相关蛋白A、D与结核分枝杆菌感染相关性的研究进展

肺泡表面活性物质是由肺泡上皮细胞及支气管上皮细胞产生和分泌的,主要分为SP-A、SP-B、SP-C、SP-D等,在肺内免疫调节及炎症反应方面有重要作用,其中最主要的是SP-A和SP-D.肺结核是机体对结核分枝杆菌侵犯所产生的一种变态和免疫反应同时存在的状态,结核分枝杆菌在侵入肺泡之前首先要经呼吸道,被肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬,而肺泡表面活性物质在结核分枝杆菌与肺泡巨噬细胞之间起着重要中介体的作用.SP-A能够识别结核分枝杆菌细胞壁上的受体或者其他糖类分子,SP-D可以与结核分枝杆菌表面的脂质阿拉伯甘露聚糖结合,它们在介导结核分枝杆菌与肺泡巨噬细胞的黏附时受到一定因素的调节及限制,最终决定结核分枝杆菌与肺泡巨噬细胞之间黏附和吞噬的程度,从而决定结核分枝杆菌进入机体后增殖或被降解的结局.

Research progress of correlation between pulmonary surfactant associated protein A, D and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Pulmonary surfactants are synthesized and secreted by alveolar epithelial cells and bronchial epithelial cells,including SPA,SP-B,SP-C,SP-D,etc.. They play an important role in immune regulation and inflammatory response of the lung, among of which, SP-A and SP-D are the most important. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a state that allergic reaction and immune reaction exist at the same time induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis goes through the respiratory tract before invading alveolous,and is phagocytized by alveolar macrophages. Pulmonary surfactants play an important intermediary role between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and alveolar macrophages. SP-A can recognize the receptors or other sugar moleculars on the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. SP-D can bind with lipoarabinomannan on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. They are regulated and limited by certain factors in mediating the adhesion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and alveolar macrophages, finally decide the degree of adhesion between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and alveolar macrophages, and determine the proliferation or degradation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after entering into the body.