帕金森病患者视幻觉发生率及危险因素的调查

目的 研究原发性帕金森病（PD）患者的视幻觉发生率和相关特征，分析潜在的诱发因素。方法 采用自制的调查表调查128例原发性PD患者的视幻觉发生情况；比较有视幻觉与无视幻觉的患者在性别、年龄、病程、简易智能量表（MMSE）评分、Hoehn &; Yahr分级、药物使用种类、左旋多巴等效剂量（LDE）等方面的差异；调查有视幻觉的PD患者快速眼动期睡眠行为障碍（RBD）的发生情况。结果 128例患者中，18例（14.06%）发生过视幻觉。其中10例（55.56%）视幻觉的出现频率≥1 次/d；11例（61.11%）视幻觉图像为人影；15例（83.33%）伴随RBD。女性患者比例、MMSE评分、Hoehn &; Yahr分级、多巴胺激动剂的使用率在有视幻觉和无视幻觉的患者间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 视幻觉是PD患者常见的一种非运动性症状，认知功能、病情严重程度、多巴胺激动剂的使用可能与视幻觉的发生有关。

Investigations on prevalence and risk factors of visual hallucination in patients with Parkinson' s disease

Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of visual hallucination among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and analyse the potential risk factors. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients with PD were administered self-prepared visual hallucination questionnaires, and prevalence of visual hallucination was surveyed. The differences in sex, age, disease duration, Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores, Hoehn & Yahr stage, types of medicine used and levodopa equivalent doses (LDE) were compared between the patients with visual hallucination and those without visual hallucination. The prevalence of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) was investigated in patients with visual hallucination. Results Eighteen patients (14.06%) experienced visual hallucination, among whom 10 (55.56%) experienced visual hallucination no less than one time per day, 11 (61.11%) "saw" the shadow of human figure and 15(83.33%)were complicated with RBD. There were significant differences in MMSE scores, Hoehn & Yahr stage, female proportion and usage of dopamine agonists between patients with visual hallucination and those without visual hallucination(P<0.05). Conclusion Visual hallucination is a common non-motor symptom among patients with PD, and cognitive function, disease severity and usage of dopamine agonista may be related to visual hallucination.