重症监护病房革兰阴性杆菌分布及耐药性变迁

 目的了解我院重症监护病房的革兰阴性杆菌构成及耐药性变迁情况。方法采用法国生物梅里埃公司的API鉴定系统进行细菌鉴定，采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验，应用WHONET5.4 软件分析病原菌的分离率及耐药率。结果3 年共分离到革兰阴性杆菌711 株，最多见的依次为鲍曼不动杆菌（27.3%）、铜绿假单胞菌（27.1%）、大肠埃希菌（11.4%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（7.7%）及嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌（4.6%）。不动杆菌的多重耐药株呈逐年增高趋势，铜绿假单胞菌的耐药情况有所缓解。2007、2008及2009 年大肠埃希菌的超广谱茁内酰胺酶的检出率分别为52.6%、63.2%和71.4%，肺炎克雷伯菌的茁内酰胺酶检出率分别为50.0%、53.1%和35.7%。结论重症监护病房的革兰阴性杆菌感染中非发酵菌占优势，检测其分布及耐药性的变迁可指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。

Changes of Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-negative Bacilli in Intensive Care Unit

Objective To find out dynamic changes of distribution and antimicrobial resistance of gram-negative bacilli from intensive care unit(ICU) of our hospital.Methods Isolated bacteria were identified by API system,and its antimicrobial resistance was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.Data of isolation rate and drug resistant rate were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.Results Total 711 gram-negative bacilli isolates collected during three years.The most common species were Acinetobacter baumannii(27.3%),Pseudomona...