经支气管镜确诊的2 168例肺癌的临床特点分析

 目的分析经支气管镜确诊肺癌的临床特点。方法回顾性分析经支气管镜确诊为肺癌的2 168 例患者的性别、年龄、病理类型、病变部位、镜下表现、取材方法等特点。结果该组患者男女比例为4.8 颐1，60~69 岁为发病年龄高峰。鳞癌是最主要的病理类型（占44.56%），其次为腺癌（占25.92%）和小细胞癌（占18.27%）。男性鳞癌发病率最高（占50.61%），女性腺癌发病率最高（占56.18%）。钳检、刷检、支气管肺泡灌洗、经支气管镜针吸的诊断阳性率分别为81.60%、49.37%、18.24%和62.65%，钳检联合刷检阳性率为89.06%。结论支气管镜检查是诊断肺癌的重要手段。不同年龄、不同性别的肺癌患者发病不同，病理类型分布有差别。重视支气管镜检查和提高活检技术，可显著提高诊断率，早期诊断肺癌，为临床治疗提供依据。

Analysis of Clinical Features of 2 168 Confirmed Cases of Lung Cancer Diagnosed by Bronchoscopy

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of confirmed cases of lung cancer diagnosed by bronchoscopy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to study the clinical features such as gender，age，pathologic type，lesion location，bronchoscopic image and sampling method of 2，168 confirmed cases of lung cancer diagnosed by bronchoscopy. Results The sex ratio （M/F）was 4.8 1 and the peak incidence was between 60 to 69 years of age. The most common pathologic type was squamous cell carcinoma （44.56%），followed by adenocarcinoma（25.92%）and small cell lung cancer（18.27%）. Squamous cell carcinoma had the highest incidence rate（50.61%）a-mong men，while adenocarcinoma had the highest rate among women（56.18%）. The positive rates diagnosed by forceps biopsy，brush biop-sy，bronchial alveolar lavage and transbronchial needle aspiration were 81.60%，49.37%，18.24% and 62.65% respectively. The positive rate by forceps biopsy combined with brush was 89.06%. Conclusion Bronchoscopy is an important approach in the diagnosis of lung cancer.The incidence and pathologic type of lung cancer vary depending on age and gender. Bronchoscopy and improving biopsy technique can markedly increase the diagnostic rate and help in early diagnosis of lung cancer.