儿童支原体肺炎92例临床分析

目的探讨小儿支原体肺炎的临床表现及预后,提高支原体肺炎的早期诊治水平。方法回顾性分析92例支原体肺炎患儿临床资料。结果男46例,女46例,平均年龄(7.1±3)岁。主要临床表现:中高热72例(78%);咳嗽69例(75%);气喘6例(6%);其中3例咳嗽伴尿蛋白及尿红细胞阳性,2例发热伴心动过速,偶发房性早博,房室传导阻滞及尿常规异常;以肺外表现来就诊7例(7.6%),4例以尿常规异常就诊,3例以躯干多形性红斑就诊;肺部出现阳性体征28例(30%),胸片异常92例(100%);治疗时给予大环内酯类药物加激素等,疗程2~4周。随访情况:92例病例出院后均随访2~6月,2例出现肺部后遗症,余均痊愈。结论小儿支原体肺炎有其特殊的临床表现,重症患儿有必要联合肾上腺糖皮质激素治疗。少部分患儿可出现严重后遗症,要重视小儿支原体肺炎的随访。

Clinical analysis of mycoplasma pneumonia in 92 children

Aim To enhance the level of diagnosis and treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia（MP）by analyzing its clinical features and treatment;then to follow up all the cases for 3~6 months.Methods The clinical data of 92 MP children were analyzed.Results 46 boys and 46 girls ranged from（7.1±3）years old.The main clinical features were high fever 72 cases（78%）,coughing 69 cases（75%）,asthma 6 cases（6%）,in which 3 cases with urine protein and urine erythrocyte positive,2 cases with tachycardia,incidental atrial premature,ventricular high voltage and abnormal urine routine;pulmonary manifestations 7 cases（7.6%）,4 cases with abnormal urine routine,3 cases with erythema multiforme major;the positive signs of pulmonary 28 cases（30%）;abnormal X-ray in lung 92 cases（100%）.All were treated with macrolides and hormone,the treatment course being 2~4 weeks.92 cases followed up for 2 to 6 months after discharge were cured except 2 cases with sequelae of the pulmonary.Conclusion MP has special clinical features and has extrapulmonary lesion sometimes.Some must be combined with adrenocortical hormones to treat if the children is severely ill.We must pay attention to follow-up study on MP in children to prevent the sequelae of EPP.