有机溶剂作业企业职业卫生KAP调查

目的调查分析深圳市宝安地区有机溶剂作业人员的职业卫生知识、信念和行为情况,为安全促进工作提供措施建议。方法采用多阶段整群抽样的方法对宝安区62家工厂的1455名工人和233名管理人员进行KAP问卷调查。结果工人和管理人员职业卫生知识普遍了解不足,对于岗位有害因素、有害因素导致的常见症状和职业病防治法知晓情况均低于50%。仅有43.3%的管理人员会张贴＂职业安全警示＂标志,44.7%的工人会注意。88.2%的工人能够正确执行操作规程,但主动了解岗位危害情况和正确使用个人防护用品的情况尚不理想。职业卫生与安全的信念得分率均超过80%。工人和管理人员职业卫生知识的自我评价和实际得分之间有统计学差异,工人高估的知识内容为自身岗位有害因素和职业病防治法的知晓情况。管理人员高估了对有害因素入侵途径和常见症状的了解情况。结论工人和管理人员职业安全知识知晓情况较差,但信念得分较高,急需加强职业健康教育;注重生产操作规程,忽视职业健康防护,应针对不同人群开展形式多样的安全促进活动。

Study on organic solvents relatived occupational health knowledge, attitude and practice

Objective To study the occupational health knowledge,attitude and practice of the managers and workers with organic solvents in Bao'an Shenzhen.And to provide suggestions about occupational safety promotion.Methods 1 455 workers and 233 managers of 62 factories were surveyed by field investigation,and the knowledge,attitude and practice were collected and analyzied.Results Both workers and managers had not enough occupational health knowledge,their correct rates of safety practice were low.The attitude to the role of occupational health and safety was very good.Their self-assessment to the knowledge was not the same as the practical correct rate.Conclusion The comprehensive measures should be taken to promote the occupational safety on organic solvents.