低甲状腺素血症与妊娠的研究进展

甲状腺激素是物质代谢与神经智力发育不可缺少的重要物质,妊娠的各个环节均受甲状腺激素的影响。孕母甲状腺功能减退的严重程度与妊娠结局密切相关,即使是孤立性低甲状腺素血症也会对儿童神经智力发育产生不利影响。低甲状腺素血症的发生与孕母碘营养状况密切相关。甲状腺激素随妊娠周期不同而变化,建立妊娠特异的参考值范围可以减少低甲状腺素血症的误诊率和漏诊率。妊娠早期母体低甲状腺素血症是儿童早期认知发育延迟的危险因素,维持孕期正常的甲状腺激素水平对于妊娠结局及胎儿发育有重要意义。

Research Progress of Hypothyroxinemia and Pregnancy

Thyroid hormones are important and indispensable materials for metabolism and fetal brain development,involved in all aspects of pregnancy.The severity of maternal hypothyroidism is closely related with pregnancy outcome,even if the isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia will adversely affect fetal brain development.Pregnant women with abnormal maternal iodine nutritional status are closely attached to the hypothyroidism.The establishment of pregnancy specific reference ranges can reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of hypothyroxinemia,since thyroid hormones change along with the gestational age.There is evidence that the isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia during early pregnancy is a risk factor for cognitive delay in early childhood.It is important to maintain the normal thyroid hormones level during pregnancy,which may have significant effects on both mother and fetus.