髓鞘相关抑制因子在中枢神经系统轴突再生中的作用

成熟哺乳动物中枢神经系统损伤后轴突的再生是极其有限的。中枢神经再生困难之一是其内在的髓鞘相关抑制因子(MAIs)的存在,Nogo-A蛋白、髓鞘相关糖蛋白、少突胶质细胞髓鞘糖蛋白是三个经典的MAIs。这三个分子由少突胶质细胞产生,并通过Nogo受体和配对免疫球蛋白样受体B共同的神经受体激活小GTP酶Ras同源基因家族成员(Rho),进而活化的RhoA激活Rho相关激酶抑制中枢神经系统轴突的再生。现就MAIs在中枢神经系统轴突再生中的作用予以综述,并探讨其可能的治疗措施以促进中枢神经轴突再生和功能恢复。

Role of Myelin-associated Inhibitors in the Central Nervous System Axonal Regeneration

The regeneration of the rear axle axon of the central nervous system of mature mammals is extremely limited after damage.Central nerve regeneration is difficult because of its inherent myelin-associated inhibitors(MAIs).Nogo-A protein,myelin-associated glycoprotein,oligodendrocytes myelin glycoprotein protein are three classical MAIs.The three molecules are all produced by oligodendrocytes,and through the Nogo receptors and pair immunoglobulin-like receptor B activate small GTP enzyme Ras homology gene family members(Rho),and the activated RhoA activates Rho related kinase,thus inhibites the neurite regeneration of the central nervous system.Here is to make a review on the role of MAIs in the central nervous system axonal regeneration,exploring possible treatments to promote the regeneration and function recovery.