妊娠期高血压疾病伴发胎儿生长受限的研究

目的研究妊娠期高血压疾病发病时间、严重程度与胎儿生长受限(FGR)的关系,为早期干预治疗降低FGR发病率提供依据。方法选取2017年11月至2018年4月在陕西省人民医院分娩的妊高病孕妇110例为研究组,选取同期分娩的健康孕妇110例为对照组,分别比较妊高病组(妊娠期高血压、子痫前期)与正常孕妇组FGR、死胎的发生率。结果妊娠期高血压疾病组FGR发生率为21.80%(χ^2=6.03,P <0.05)。其中子痫前期重度FGR发病率(34.50%),显著高于子痫前期轻度(13.30%)及妊娠期高血压(8.00%)的发病率(χ^2值分别为5.94、9.31,均P <0.05);发病孕周<28周者FGR发病率最高(38.00%),显著高于对照组FGR的2.70%(χ^2=4.23,P<0.05)。子痫前期重度死胎发生率最高(7.30%),正常妊娠组死胎发生率为0.00%(χ^2=3.35,P <0.05)。结论妊娠期高血压疾病发病孕周以及严重程度与FGR的发生呈正相关,发病孕周越早,病情越重,FGR的发生率越高。故建议尽早干预,预防子痫前期的发生,减少并发症,延长孕周,降低FGR的发生率,减少围产儿不良结局。

Hypertensive Disorder Complicated with Fetal Growth Restriction in Pregnancy

Objective To provide a basis for reducing the incidence of fetal growth restriction(FGR) by investigating the relationship between the onset time and severity of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy(HDP) and FGR. Methods 110 cases of pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension who delivered babies in our hospital during the period from November 2017 to April 2018 were selected as the study group. 110 healthy pregnant women who delivered babies at the same time in the hospital were selected as the control group. The incidences of FGR and stillbirth in the pregnancy-induced hypertension group(pregnancy-induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia) and normal pregnant women were compared. Results The incidence of FGR in the hypertensive disorder group was 21.80%(χ^2 = 6.03, P<0.05). Among them, the incidence of severe FGR in preeclampsia was the highest(34.50%), higher than that in preeclampsia(13.30%) and gestational hypertension(8.00%)(χ^2 = 5.94, 9.31, respectively, P<0.05). The incidence of FGR was the highest(38.00%) in the gestational weeks<28 weeks, and the incidence of FGR in the control group was 2.70%(χ^2 = 4.23, P<0.05). The incidence of severe stillbirth in preeclampsia was the highest(7.30%), and the incidence of stillbirth in normal pregnancy group was 0.00%(χ^2 = 3.35, P<0.05). Conclusion The gestational weeks and severity of HDP are positively correlated with the occurrence of FGR. The earlier the gestational weeks, the more severe the disease, and the higher the incidence of FGR. Therefore, early intervention and treatment are recommended to prevent the occurrence of preeclampsia, thereby reducing complications, prolonging gestational weeks, and reducing the incidence of FGR and adverse perinatal outcomes.