Laboratory and field efficacy of Pedalium murex and predatory copepod,Mesocyclops longisetus on rural malaria vector,Anopheles culicifacies |
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Authors: | Thangadurai Chitra Kadarkarai Murugan Arjunan Naresh Kumar Pari Madhiyazhagan Thiyagarajan Nataraj Duraisamy Indumathi Jiang-Shiou Hwang |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641 046, India;2.Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Rd., Keelung 20224, Taiwan;DST-Young scientist, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, India., Tel: 091-9962447932, E-mail: |
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Abstract: | ObjectiveTo test the potentiality of the leaf extract of Pedalium murex (P. murex) and predatory copepod Mesocyclops longisetus (M. longisetus) in individual and combination in controlling the rural malarial vector, Anopheles culicifacies (An. culicifacies) in laboratory and field studies.MethodsP. murex leaves were collected from in and around Erode, Tamilnadu, India. The active compounds were extracted with 300 mL of methanol for 8 h in a Soxhlet apparatus. Laboratory studies on larvicidal and pupicidal effects of methanolic extract of P. murex tested against the rural malarial vector, An. culicifacies were significant.ResultsEvaluated lethal concentrations (LC50) of P. murex extract were 2.68, 3.60, 4.50, 6.44 and 7.60 mg/L for I, II, III, IV and pupae of An. culicifacies, respectively. Predatory copepod, M. longisetus was examined for their predatory efficacy against the malarial vector, An. culicifacies. M. longisetus showed effective predation on the early instar (47% and 36% on I and II instar) when compared with the later ones (3% and 1% on III and IV instar). Predatory efficacy of M. longisetus was increased (70% and 45% on I and II instar) when the application was along with the P. murex extract.ConclusionsPredator survival test showed that the methanolic extract of P. murex is non-toxic to the predatory copepod, M. longisetus. Experiments were also conducted to evaluate the efficacy of methanolic extract of P. murex and M. longisetus in the direct breeding sites (paddy fields) of An. culicifacies. Reduction in larval density was very high and sustained for a long time in combined treatment of P. murex and M. longisetus. |
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Keywords: | Anopheles culicifacies Pedalium murex Mesocyclops longisetus Larvicidal Predatory efficacy |
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