Opioid-induced respiratory depression and risk factors in a tertiary hospital: A retrospective study |
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Authors: | Nabil A. Almouaalamy Majed Alshamrani Waleed K. Alnejadi Ziyad M. Alharbi Faisal M. Aldosari Enad F. Alsulimani Saif A. Saif Mohammed K. Aldawsari |
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Affiliation: | 1. Oncology Department, Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;2. King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;3. College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;4. Pharmaceutical Care Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia |
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Abstract: | BackgroundOpioids are potent analgesics used for the treatment of moderate to severe acute and chronic cancer and non-cancer pain. However, opioid usage may be limited by negative side effects, such as potentially life-threatening respiratory depression.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to investigate the prevalence of opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) and its predictors at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah (KAMC-JD).MethodThis is a retrospective cross-sectional (chart review) study conducted from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2020.ResultsA total of 15,753 patients received opioids during admission to KAMC-JD, and only 144 (0.915%) of them received naloxone from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Only 91 patients (0.57%) developed opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD), which was more frequently reported among young and middle-aged adults. OIRD was significantly associated with receiving a daily morphine milligram equivalent (MME) dose of ≥150 MME and with having a low urea concentration at the baseline and at admission under surgery. Also, fentanyl use remained a significant risk factor for OIRD.ConclusionIn conclusion, monitoring patient receiving opioids with a daily MME dose of ≥150 MME, prescribed Fentanyl, low urea concentration at the baseline, and patients’ admissions to the surgery department may mitigate the risk of developing OIRD. |
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Keywords: | Respiratory depression Cancer pain Opioids |
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