医务人员感染传染性非典型肺炎的影响因素分析

目的　分析医务人员感染传染性非典型肺炎 (SARS)的影响因素 ,为控制SARS在院内的传播 ,降低医护人员的SARS发病率和医院内感染水平提供一定的参考依据。方法　采用整群抽样方法抽取了广东省 9家医院 ,问卷调查了 9家医院中接触过SARS病人的 164 5名医务人员以及相关的科室。对影响医务人员感染SARS的因素进行了非条件Logistic回归的多因素分析。结果　共筛选出 7个可能与感染SARS有关的因素分别是 :医务人员的职业 (医生、护士和护理员 ) ,参与吸痰操作 ,诊治SARS病人时是否戴眼罩 ,洗手装置 ,隔离服的层数 ,通常戴口罩个数和初始接触病人是否戴口罩。在调查的 48个科室中 ,81.3 %的科室进行了严格的隔离分区 ,80 %的房间能够经常开窗通风 ,83 .3 % (4 0 /4 8)的科室使用紫外灯消毒 ,91.7% (4 4 /4 8)的科室使用过氧乙酸熏蒸喷雾消毒剂消毒 ,3 9.6%的科室使用循环风紫外线消毒。结论　医务人员应采取严格的分级防护措施 ;医院的科室应加强隔离与消毒措施 ;采取综合防治措施以确保医务人员的健康与安全

Factors that cause the infection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome among health care staffs

[Objective] To analyze the influential factors that cause the infection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) among health care staffs in hospitals, and to provide referential basis for controlling the transmission of SARS among health care staffs. [Methods] Cross-section survey was carried out in 9 hospitals of Guangdong. Hospital staffs in contact with SARS patients and wards were investigated with questionnaires, non-conditional Logistic multivariate analysis was made. [Results] The 7 probable factors that cause the infection of SARS are: occupations in hospital, sputum induction operation, not wearing goggle, improper equipment of hand washing, insufficient layers of barrier gowns, not wearing mask in first contact with SARS patients and the number of masks. Among the 48 units surveyed, 81.3% performed strict isolation, 80% proceeded ventilation by opening the windows regularly, 83.3% were disinfected with ultraviolet radiation, 91.7% were disinfected with peracetic acid disinfector, and 39.6% was disinfected with circulated ultraviolet radiation. [Conclusion] Strict isolation and disinfection measures should be taken to ensure the safety of hospital staffs.