应用彩色多普勒超声检测缺血性脑血管病与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的探讨缺血性脑血管病与颈动脉粥样硬化病变之间的关系。方法对130例缺血性脑血管病患者进行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查，130例患者中56例短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA），74例脑梗死；42例非缺血件脑血管病患者为对照组。检测颈动脉内膜增厚及斑块形成等血管异常发牛率、斑块类型及斑块的分布情况。结果TIA组患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（IMT）增厚及颈动脉硬化斑块等异常检出率为73．2％（41／56），脑梗死组异常率为87．8％（65／74），对照组受检者异常率为28．6％（12／42），TIA组及脑梗死组与对照组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0．01）。脑梗死组患者脂质性斑块及混合性斑块的发生率高于TIA组。颈动脉硬化斑块最常见部位为颈总动脉分又处，其次为颈内动脉近段。左右侧差异无显著意义。结论颈动脉硬化与缺血性脑血管病有密切相关性，颈动脉超声有助于预测缺血性脑血管病的发病危险。

Study on the correlation between carotid atherosclerosis with ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Objective To study the correlation between atherosclerosis of carotid artery and ischemic cerebrovascular disease with ultrasonography. Methods Color Doppler ultrasonography of the carotid artery were performed on 130 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease including 56 patients with TIA and 74 cerebral infarction (CI). The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the posterial wall and plaques at carotid artery were studied. 42 people without cerebrovascular disease were chosen as control group. Results The abnormal appearance of carotid artery was found in 31/56 (55. 4% ) of TIA patients, 657 74 (87. 8% in CI group. It was 12/42 (28. 6% ) in control group. There was significant difference a-mong the three groups (P < 0. 01 ). The occurrence rate of fatty plaques and complex plaques in CI group were higher than those in TIA group. The most common site of plaques was the bulb of the common carotid artery. The proximal internal carotid artery was the second. There was no significant difference between left and right carotid of individual patient. Conclusion Atherosclerosis of carotid artery is correlated to TIA and CI. Ultrasonography of carotid artery is useful to assess the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.