巨噬细胞极化及其在感染性疾病中的作用

巨噬细胞作为重要的固有免疫细胞和抗原提呈细胞,在机体抗感染免疫中发挥着重要作用.在不同的微环境下,巨噬细胞可发生表型和功能极化从而呈现出不同的功能,一般将经典途径和替代途径活化的巨噬细胞(M1型和M2型)作为巨噬细胞功能可塑性调变的两个极端.随着研究的深入,巨噬细胞极化类型的诱导及特点也逐渐被揭示,其在微生物感染免疫中的作用日益受到重视.

Macrophage polarization and its role in infectious diseases

Macrophages are a group of important innate immune ceils and antigen presenting cells, which play important roles in anti-infection immunity. Under different microenvironments, macrophages can be polarized to assume different phenotypes and show different functions. Classical pathway activated macrophages （M1） and ahemative pathway-activated macrophages （M2） are considered as the extremes of this polarization. Recently, the induction and characteristic of M1/M2 has been gradually revealed. The role of macrophage polarization in microbial infection immunity has received increasing attention.