婴幼儿气质变化的追踪研究

目的:探讨婴幼儿气质类型和气质维度的变化情况。方法:采用Carey等设计,经张劲松等修订的小婴儿气质问卷、婴儿气质问卷和幼儿气质评估表,对81例婴幼儿分年龄组进行气质维度和气质类型测评,12个月后再次对其进行追踪调查。结果:小婴儿组的气质类型和除情绪本质外的8个气质维度有统计学差异;婴儿组的气质类型无统计学差异,适应性、反应强度,坚持性、注意力分散度和反应阈等气质维度有统计学差异;幼儿组的气质类型无统计学差异,气质维度仅反应阈一项有统计学差异。结论:婴幼儿气质具有可塑性。随着婴幼儿的成长其气质有所改变,年龄越小变化越明显,幼儿期气质逐渐趋于稳定。

Foilow-up study of temperament changes in infants

Objective:To explore the changes of temperament types and temperament dimensions in infants.Methods:81 infants were evaluated for temperament types and temperament dimensions by small infant temperament questionnaire(revised by ZHANG Jin-Song),infant temperament questionnaire and toddlers' temperament questionnaire,follow-up survey was conducted after 12 months.Results:There was difference in temperament types and 8 kinds of temperament dimensions except mood in little baby group;there was no difference in temperament types in baby group and infant group,but there was difference in temperament dimensions in baby group;there was difference in reflection threshold in infant group.Conclusion:Infants' temperament possesses plasticity.With the development of infants,temperament of infants changes,temperament of infants which are young changes obviously but temperament of infants gradually stabilizes.