洋葱伯克霍尔德菌临床分离株耐药性变迁的分析

目的了解近3年洋葱伯克霍尔德菌的临床检出状况及其耐药性的变迁,以便指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法常规方法进行菌株分离,采用VITEK-32全自动微生物分析仪进行菌株鉴定及药敏试验,部分药敏采用K-B法,对近3年洋葱伯克霍尔德菌的耐药性及耐药谱进行回顾性调查分析。结果近3年从各种临床标本中共分离到洋葱伯克霍尔德菌126株,以下呼吸道标本为主(痰液 咽拭子)占75.14%,其次为血液占15.08%;洋葱伯克霍尔德菌对氨基糖苷类、氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢唑林、呋喃妥因、亚胺培南耐药性最强,耐药率几乎为100.00%,20种常用抗菌药物中耐药率<50.00%的只有6种,分别为复方新诺明(5.10%)、头孢吡肟(16.99%)、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(39.18%)、美罗培南(39.61%)、头孢他啶(39.65%)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(48.12%);对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和美罗培南耐药率上升最快,3年分别上升了46%和34%,对头孢他啶和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦耐药率趋于稳定。结论洋葱伯克霍尔德菌在临床标本中的检出率及耐药性有逐年上升的趋势,耐药及多药耐药性严重。

Vicissitudes of Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Burkholderia cepacia Isolated from Clinical Specimens

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of Burkholderia cepacia isolated from clinical specimens in past 3 years.METHODS The B.cepacia strains were isolated from various clinical specimens by routine method from Jan 2004 to Dec 2006.In our hosptial the identification and antimicrobiol susceptibility test were determined by VITEK-32 Full Automated Microbiology Analyzer.RESULTS A total of 126 strains of B.cepacia were isolated.From them 75.14% and 15.08% of isolates were from lower respiatory tract and blood.All isolates were resistant to aminoglycosides,ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam,amoxicillin/CLAB,cefazolin,nitrofurantoin,and imipenem.The antibiotic resistant rates of the isolates to SMZ TMP,cefepime,cefoperazone/sulbactam,meropenem,ceftazidime and piperacillin/tazobactam were 5.10%,16.99%,39.18%,39.61,39.65% and 48.12%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The detection and antimicrobial resistance of the isolates of B.cepacia are increasing gradually.Multidrug resistance in the isolates of B.cepacia is serious.