ICU院内感染医源性危险因素分析

目的分析重症监护病房（ICU）院内感染的发病情况，寻找医源性危险因素。方法以2005年6月至2006年12月间我院ICU收治的168例次住院超过48小时的全部病例为研究对象，根据病原学检查确定其中45例次为医院感染，并进行危险因素的统计处理。结果ICU院内感染发病率为26．8％，最常见的感染是医院获得性肺炎（HAP），其次为尿路感染；危险因素为侵袭性医疗操作（如机械通气、中心静脉置管、保留导尿、鼻饲等）和药物治疗（如抗生素使用种类、使用时间、免疫抑制剂、制酸剂等）。结论尽量减少或避免医源性危险因素的产生和损伤，是有效预防和控制ICU院内感染的关键。

Analysis on the iatrogenic risk factors of nosocomial infections

Objective To analyze the incidence of nosocomial infections in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), especially to define the iatrogenic risk factors of nosocomial infections. Methods A total of 168 patients from June 2005 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed and 45 of them acquired hospital onset of infection by causative agents evaluation.Statistical analysis was made to determine the risk factors. Results The rate of nosocomial infection incidence was 26.8% in ICU.The most is hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), followed by urinary tract infection; The iatrogenic risk factors were the Invasive medical operation(mechanical ventilation , central venous catheterization ,use of urethral catheters, and nasogastric feeding) and drug treatment(the use of H2 – blockers , treatment with immunosuppressant,the category of antibiotics,and the time of therapy of the antibious).Conclusion We should reduce or avoid the the damage of the iatrogenic risk factors as far as possible, in this way,we can prevent and control Nosocomial infections in ICU effectively.