2015年东莞市大学生心理亚健康现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解东莞市大学生心理亚健康的分布特征及影响因素,并为其防制提供相应依据。 方法 运用整群抽样和随机抽样方法,于2015年对东莞市东莞理工学院和广东医科大学在校大学生进行《东莞市大学生心理亚健康自评表》问卷调查,应用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析进行心理亚健康的影响因素分析。 结果 发放问卷870份,有效回收834份,回收率为95.86%,疾病人数为94例,非疾病状态740例,心理亚健康占21.62%(160/740)。医学院校和医学专业的心理亚健康发生率分别为28.57%、30.45%,均高于非医学院校10.96%、非医学专业17.30%(P<0.05);大二、大四与大五学生的心理亚健康发生率(27.86%,32.43%)高于其他年级。最主要的心理亚健康状态的症状为不明原因疲劳、充满压力、工作效率低和感到无助,均占心理亚健康人群的95.00%以上。多因素二分类logistic回归分析结果显示:熬夜频繁(每天熬夜OR=7.32,经常熬夜OR=3.48,有时熬夜OR=2.58)、经济困难(困难OR=5.72,拮据OR=3.46)、身边朋友影响(内向消极OR=1.69,作息不规律OR=1.44)是导致东莞市大学生心理亚健康的重要因素。 结论 东莞市大学生中,医学生、大二学生及高年级学生的发生率比较高,生活环境与个人行为习惯是发生心理亚健康的主要影响因素。

Current status of psychological sub-health and its influencing factorsamong college students in Dongguan City, 2015

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of psychological sub-health among college students in Dongguan City so as to provide a corresponding basis for its prevention. Methods Cluster sampling and random sampling Methods were used to select college students in Dongguan University of Technology and Guangdong Medical University in 2015, and then Self-rating Psychological Sub-health Scale was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey. Single factor and multifactor logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors influencing psychological sub-health. Results A total of 870 questionnaires were send out and 834 valid ones were retrieved, with the recovery rate being 95.86%. There were 94 cases with disease status and 740 cases without disease status, and the cases with psychological sub-health accounted for 21.62% (160/740). The incidence rates of psychological sub-health in students from the medical college and with medical specialty were both higher than those in ones from the non-medical college and with non-medical specialty (28.57% vs. 10.96%, 30.45% vs. 17.30%, both P<0.05). The incidence rates of psychological sub-health in sophomores (27.86%) and seniors and students in the fifth year of college (32.43%) were both higher than those in students from other grades. The cardinal symptoms of psychological sub-health were unexplained fatigue, stress, low working efficiency and helplessness, which accounted for more than 95.00% in the group with psychological sub-health. Multivariate dichotomy logistic regression analysis indicated that staying up frequently (staying up every day OR=7.32, often staying up OR=3.48, sometimes staying up OR=2.58), economic hardship (difficulty OR=5.72, poverty OR=3.46) and influence from close friends (introverted and negative outlook OR=1.69, irregular lifestyle OR=1.44) were the important factors that led to psychological sub-health of the college students in Dongguan City. Conclusions Among the surveyed college students in Dongguan City, the incidence rates of psychological sub-health of medical college students, sophomores and seniors are relatively high, and living environment and personal habit and behavior are the major factors affecting the occurrence of psychological sub-health.