2010-2013年内蒙古地区老年人高血压患病现状及危险因素分析

目的探讨2010-2013年内蒙古地区老年人高血压患病现状及其危险因素。方法利用"中国居民营养与健康状况监测"项目(2010-2013年)内蒙古地区调查人群的问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检测数据,分析老年人高血压患病率和危险因素。结果共调查1 102人,平均年龄(68.24±6.46)岁,高血压患病率为44.28%,女性患病率(48.56%)显著高于男性(39.93%,P<0.05),乡村患病率(47.34%)高于城市(39.93%,P<0.05),超重或肥胖率为42.3%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,乡村(OR=1.553,95%CI:1.204~2.005,P=0.001)、超重或肥胖(OR=1.957,95%CI:1.616~2.371,P=0.000)、女性(OR=1.313,95%CI:1.024~1.684,P=0.044)、高血压家族史(OR=2.452,95%CI:1.752~3.431,P=0.000)和脑血管疾病家族史(OR=2.474,95%CI:1.207~5.071,P=0.013)是高血压患病的危险因素。结论 2010-2013年内蒙古地区老年人高血压患病率较高。女性人群、乡村地区、超重或肥胖人群是防治重点,应针对城乡居民开展易接受、有针对性的健康教育,倡导健康生活方式、控制体质指数。

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among elderly people in Inner Mongolia, 2010-2013

Objective To explore the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among the elderly in Inner Mongolia during 2010-2013. Methods Based on Chinese Residents’ Nutrition and Health Status Monitoring Project during 2010-2013, we collected the data of questionnaire surveys, physical measurement and laboratory tests of the surveyed population in Inner Mongolia. The prevalence rate and risk factors of hypertension in the elderly were analyzed. Results A total of 1,102 residents were surveyed, and the average age was (68.24±6.46) years. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 44.28%. The prevalence rate of hypertension was significantly higher in females than in males (48.56% vs. 39.93%, P<0.05) as well as higher in rural areas than in urban areas (47.34% vs. 39.93%, P<0.05). The prevalence rate of overweight or obesity was 42.3%. Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that rural areas (OR=1.553, 95%CI:1.204-2.005, P=0.001), overweight or obesity (OR=1.957, 95%CI:1.616-2.371, P=0.000), females (OR=1.313, 95%CI:1.024-1.684, P=0.044), family history of hypertension(OR=2.452, 95%CI:1.752-3.431, P=0.000) and family history of cerebral vascular diseases (OR=2.474, 95%CI:1.207-5.071, P=0.013) were the risk factors of hypertension. Conclusions The prevalence rate of hypertension in the elderly in Inner Mongolia during 2010-2013 was high. Females, rural areas, overweight or obese people are the focus of prevention and control. It is necessary to conduct easily acceptable and targeted health education, advocate healthy lifestyles and control the body mass index among the urban and rural residents.