18F-FDG PET/CT对儿童纵隔巨大占位的鉴别诊断

在纵隔肿瘤中，比较常见的有胸腺瘤、神经源性肿瘤、淋巴瘤、生殖细胞性肿瘤等。纵隔肿瘤的临床表现依肿瘤大小、部位及良恶性的不同而异。儿童纵隔肿瘤在临床并不少见，但早期症状不典型，缺乏特异性，一般随瘤体增大才出现一些胸痛、呼吸困难、咳嗽等症状，所以早期诊断较困难，易误诊漏诊。笔者选取2例缺乏特异性临床症状的儿童纵隔占位，通过其18F-FDG PET/CT影像学特征及临床资料进行鉴别诊断，归纳总结诊断思路，以提高影像诊断准确率。

Differential diagnosis of large mediastinal mass in children with 18F-FDG PET/CT

Among mediastinal tumors, thymoma, neurogenic tumors, lymphomas and germ cell tumors are more common. The clinical manifestations of mediastinal tumor vary according to tumor size, site and benign and malignant. Mediastinal tumor in children is common in clinical, with no typical early symptoms, lack of specificity, and generally increases with tumors appeared some symptoms such as chest pain, dyspnea, cough, so early diagnosis is difficult. Two cases of mediastinal mass in children without specific clinical symptoms were selected, through its 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging features and clinical data for the differential diagnosis, summarize the diagnosis idea, in order to improve the imaging diagnostic accuracy.