百色市2011—2015年新报告HIV/AIDS病例新发感染状况及其影响因素

目的 了解百色市新报告HIV感染者/艾滋病患者新发感染状况及其相关影响因素。方法 选取百色市2011—2015年6月新报告的1 826例HIV/AIDS病例为研究对象,收集首次经HIV抗体确证试验为HIV-1 抗体阳性的血清样本进行 BED HIV-1 捕获酶联免疫法检测,计算新发感染比例,分类资料比较用χ²检验,年度趋势变化用χ²_趋势检验,Logistic回归模型分析相关影响因素。结果 新报告的1 826例病例中,平均年龄（43.07±14.91）岁,以男性、农民及民工、已婚、壮族、初中及以下文化程度和异性性途径感染为主,HIV新发感染比例为16.27%（297/1 826）,2011—2015年各年度新发感染比例分别为20.65%、16.85%、12.88%、16.34%和12.85%,呈下降趋势（P<0.05）,经logistic回归模型分析结果显示,患者性别和样本来源中的咨询检测、献血人员检测和专题性调查与HIV新发感染存在统计学关联。结论 百色市2011—2015年新报告HIV/AIDS病例新发感染比例呈下降趋势,应进一步扩大艾滋病咨询检测服务,更早发现HIV感染者,有利于患者早诊断和治疗,遏制二代传播。

New infection status and its influencing factors among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Baise, 2011-2015

Objective To understand the new infection status and related factors among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Baise City. Methods A total of 1 826 cases of HIV/AIDS newly reported were selected in Baise City from 2011 to June 2015 as the study subjects, and their serum samples that were HIV-1 positive for the first time by HIV antibody confirmatory tests were collected for BED HIV-1 capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the proportion of new infections was calculated. The classification data was compared with Chi square test, the annual trend change was tested with the trend chi square test, and the related influencing factors were analyzed by the logistic regression model. Results Among the 1 826 newly reported cases, the average age was (43.07±14.91) years, and they were mainly males, farmers and migrant workers, married, Zhuang nationality, and with junior high school or below educational level and heterosexual infection. The proportion of new HIV infection was 16.27% (297/1 826). From 2011 to 2015, the proportions of new infection were 20.65%, 16.85%, 12.88%, 16.34% and 12.85%, respectively, showing a decreasing trend (P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that gender, counseling and testing, detection of blood donors and thematic survey were significantly associated with the new infection of HIV. Conclusions The proportion of new infections among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases shows a decreasing trend in Baise City from 2011-2015. We should further expand the AIDS counseling and testing services for early detection of HIV infection, and early diagnosis and treatment of the patients to curb the second-generation transmission.