2012-2014年内蒙古学生营养改善地区学生营养状况

目的 了解2012-2014年内蒙古学生营养改善地区学生营养状况。 方法 2012-2014年,按照“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”国家方案的要求选择调查点并随机抽取学生,每年定期规范测量学生身高体重,对三年的测量结果进行卡方检验。 结果 三年间,总体生长迟缓率有降低趋势(P<0.05),消瘦率和肥胖率均有增高趋势(P<0.05);营养不良率随年龄增大有增高趋势(P<0.05)、超重率和肥胖率随年龄增高有降低趋势(P<0.05);男生生长迟缓率有降低趋势,女生消瘦率、营养不良率、肥胖率和男生肥胖率均有增高趋势(P<0.05)。 结论 2012-2014年内蒙古学生营养改善地区学生存在营养不良与营养过剩的双重负担,而且还有加重的趋势,要采取合理的干预模式,增强学生营养意识,真正意义上改善学生营养健康状况。

Nutritional status of students in student nutrition improvement areas in Inner Mongolia, 2012-2014

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of students in student nutrition improvement areas in Inner Mongolia from 2012 to 2014. Methods According to the requirements of the national program concerning the Rural Compulsory Education Students’ Nutrition Improvement Plan, we selected the surveyed sites and randomly chose students in 2012-2014. The students’ height and weight were regularly measured in each year, and then Chi-square test was used for analyzing the measurement results of the 3 years. Results During the 3-year period, the overall growth retardation rate showed a decreasing trend (P<0.05), while the weight loss rate and obesity rate both presented an increasing trend (P<0.05). The malnutrition rate had a rising trend with increasing age (P<0.05), while the overweight and obesity rates both had a decline trend with increasing age (P<0.05). The growth retardation rate of boys presented a downward trend, but the weight loss rate, malnutrition rate and obesity rate of girls and the obesity rate of boys all presented an upward trend (P<0.05). Conclusions There was a double burden of malnutrition and nutrition excess among students in student nutrition improvement areas in Inner Mongolia during 2012-2014; moreover, the results indicated an aggravating trend. It is necessary to adopt a reasonable intervention mode and enhance the students’ nutrition awareness so as to indeedly improve their health status .