江苏省2015年二甲基乙酰胺职业健康危害调查分析

目的 调查江苏省内接触二甲基乙酰胺的企业及其主要职业健康危害在不同人群中的分布情况,为有效维护接触工人的职业健康提供科学依据。 方法 利用重点职业病监测哨点信息,汇总2015年全省所有相关企业及接触工人的职业健康监护表,提取企业基本信息并对关键健康效应指标进行分析与评价。 结果 横断面调查显示接触二甲基乙酰胺的企业集中于小型私有制电气及化工制造业。专项检查结果显示接触工人肝功能异常率以化纤行业明显较高(P<0.05),不同工龄及性别工人肝损发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而不同年龄接触者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 二甲基乙酰胺的职业危害分布可能存在着一定的趋势性特征,需进一步开展调研,针对不同行业、不同工龄和性别的工人开展精准三级预防。

Occupational health hazards of dimethylacetamide in Jiangsu Province, 2015

Objective To investigate the distribution of occupational exposure to dimethylacetamide (DMAc) in different enterprises and populations in Jiangsu Province, and to provide a scientific basis for effectively maintaining occupational health of workers exposured to DMAc. Methods We summarized the information collected from the key occupational disease sentinel surveillance and the occupational health monitoring scales of the related enterprises and workers exposured to DMAc in Jiangsu Province in 2015, extracted the general information of the enterprises, then analyzed and evaluated the key health effect indicators. Results The cross-sectional study showed that the enterprises exposured to DMAc were mainly focused on small private electric and chemical industries. The Results of professional examinations indicated that the abnormal rate of liver function was significantly higher in DMAc-exposed workers in the chemical fiber industry (P<0.05). The incidence rate of liver injury showed statistically significant differences in workers with different working years and genders (P<0.05), while no statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence rate of liver injury among DMAc-exposed workers with different ages (P>0.05). Conclusions There existed certain tendency characteristics concerning the distribution of occupational health hazards of DMAc in Jiangsu Province in 2015. It is necessary to further conduct study and perform precise tertiary prevention among workers with different industries, working years and genders.