钦州市钦南区2010—2014年HIV/AIDS病例死亡特征分析

目的 分析钦州市钦南区防治艾滋病攻坚工程下HIV/AIDS病例死亡特征,为进一步制定防治措施提供依据。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中艾滋病综合防治数据信息管理系统,收集钦州市钦南区2010—2014年报告的死亡个案资料并进行统计分析。结果 HIV/AIDS病例,累计病死率为20.07%,年均病死率为4.01%;自2012年起呈下降趋势,各年间病死率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同人口特征累计病死率比较发现,男性(24.22%)高于女性(10.06%);年龄以≥80岁最高(52.94%),病死率的高低与年龄的大小成反比;文化程度文盲及小学最高(29.98%);职业以离退人员最高(54.29%);婚姻以离异或丧偶最高(34.59%);传播途径以性传播最高(20.68%)。治疗的病例病死率(5.71%)低于未治疗的(37.47%),差异有统计意义(P<0.001);治疗时首次检测CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数,≤50/μL的病死率最高(78.82%),病死率随CD4⁺T淋巴细胞计数的增高而下降;从治疗到死亡,时间<6个月的病死率最高(86.36%),病死率随治疗时间的增长而下降。结论 钦州市钦南区自2012年起病死率呈下降趋势。还需进一步强化宣传,降低艾滋病晚发现率,提高HIV/AIDS治疗可及性和及时性,从而降低AIDS病死率。

Characteristic analysis of HIV/AIDS deaths in Qinnan District of Qinzhou, 2010- 2014

Objective To review and analyse the characteristic of HIV/AIDS deaths during AIDS prevention crucial project of Qinnan District, and provide a decision basis for prevention of AIDS. Methods We collected Qinnan HIV/AIDS deaths data from AIDS prevention and control information management system of China information system for diseases control and prevention from 2010 to 2014. Results From 2010 to 2014, the HIV/AIDS cumulated mortality rate was 20.07% and annual average mortality rate was 4.01%. Since 2012, the mortality rate had shown a declined tendency. No differences between HIV/AIDS mortality rate among each year (P>0.05). We compared the cumulated mortality rate according to case demographic characteristic and found that men’s rate (24.22%) was higher than women’s (10.06%); rate of age older than 80 years was the highest (52.94%) and the mortality rate was inversely proportional to the age; rate of illiteracy and primary education was the highest among each education degree (29.98%); rate of retired staff was the highest among each occupation (54.29%); rate of divorced or widowed was the highest among each marital status (34.59%) and rate of sexual transmission was the highest among route of transmission (20.68%). Rate of cases who receive treatment(5.71%) was higher than who untreated(37.47%), and there was significant differences (P<0.001). The rate of first CD4⁺ T cell count ≤50/μL were the highest (78.82%), and the rate decreased with the CD4⁺ T cell count increased. Rate of <6 months was the highest among the rate of time from treatment to death(86.36%), and the rate decreased with the time from treatment to death increased. Conclusion The HIV/AIDS mortality rate had shown a declined tendency since 2012. We should further enhance the propaganda and education, reduce AIDS late detection rate, and improve HIV/AIDS treatment accessibility and timeliness, thus, AIDS mortality rate may decrease.