2014-2015年武汉地区4 232例儿童呼吸道人类博卡病毒感染流行病学特征

目的 分析武汉地区4 232例急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)的儿童人类博卡病毒(HBoV)感染的临床及流行病学特征。 方法 收集2014年1月1日-2015年12月31日期间4 232例7岁以下儿童经确诊为ARTI的鼻咽抽吸物(NPA),利用RT-PCR法对HBoV进行筛查,同时对流感病毒A型(Inf-A)、流感病毒B型(Inf-B)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)及副流感病毒Ⅰ型(PIV-Ⅰ)、副流感病毒Ⅱ型(PIV-Ⅱ)、副流感病毒Ⅲ型(PIV-Ⅲ)7种呼吸道病毒进行检测以了解其混合感染情况,并结合病例临床资料对其流行病学特征进行分析。 结果 4 232例NPA标本中,HBoV检出率为1.23%(52/4 232)。1～<3岁儿童HBoV阳性检出率最高,为2.81%(24/854)。HBoV在春夏秋冬各季节的检出率分别为3.05%、0.60%、0.52%、0.24%, 差异均有统计学意义(χ²=36.784,P=0.002),其中以春季检出率最高。HBoV与其他病毒混合感染率为69.23%(36/52)。以支气管肺炎患儿HBoV阳性检出率(51.92%)最高。 结论 2014-2015年HBoV为武汉地区儿童发热呼吸道症候群的主要病原之一,1～<3岁儿童检出率最高,与其他病毒有较高的混合感染率,且春季流行。

Epidemiological characteristics of human bocavirus infection in 4,232 children with respiratory tract infection in Wuhan region, 2014- 2015

Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection among 4,232 children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) in Wuhan region. Methods Nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples were collected from 4,232 children aged 7 years and below and confirmed with ARTI from January 1st, 2014 to December 31st, 2015. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to detect the HboV, and the mixed infection was examined through simultaneously determining the other 7 respiratory viruses (including Inf-A, Inf-B, RSV, ADV, PIV-I, PIV-II and PIV-III). Epidemiological characteristics of HboV infection were analyzed based on the screening results and clinical information of the corresponding cases. Results Among the 4,232 NPA specimens, the positive detection rate of HBoV was 1.23% (52/4,232), and the rate was found to be the highest in children aged 1-<3 years (2.81%, 24/854). The detection rates of HBoV infection in the spring (3.05%), summer (0.60%), fall (0.52%) and winter (0.24%) showed statistically significant differences (χ²=36.784,P=0.002), of which the rate in the spring was the highest. The co-infection rate of HboV and other respiratory viruses was 69.23% (36/52). The positive detection rate of HBoV in children with bronchial pneumonia was the highest(51.92%). Conclusions HBoV was one of the main pathogens in children with ARTI in Wuhan region during 2014-2015, which was more prevalent in children aged 1-<3 years. The co-infection rate of HBoV and other respiratory viruses was high; moreover, HBoV infection commonly occurred in spring.