肝细胞肝癌的葡萄糖代谢机制及在PET显像中的应用价值

目的  肝细胞肝癌（HCC）是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其恶性程度较高，患者预后较差。众所周知，恶性肿瘤和正常细胞之间的葡萄糖代谢方式存在显著差异，恶性肿瘤摄取葡萄糖明显高于正常组织。然而，不同分化程度的HCC其葡萄糖代谢变化很大。18F-FDG是一种葡萄糖类似物，作为一种非特异性的显像剂被广泛应用于临床恶性肿瘤（包括HCC）的显像。全面了解HCC的葡萄糖代谢特性及其机制有助于临床更好地掌握PET显像在HCC中的应用价值，寻找更为有效的肿瘤治疗药物及新的分子探针应用于HCC的疗效评价。笔者就HCC的葡萄糖代谢特点及在PET显像中的应用价值进行综述。

Glycometabolism mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma and its application in PET

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal tumors and has high malignancy and low survival. Generally, the glucose metabolism in malignant tumors is significantly different from normal tissues, which show high uptake. However, it varies greatly in HCC. Low glucose metabolism is often observed in well- and moderately differentiated HCC. Furthermore, glycolysis has been widely confirmed to be a nonspecific biological phenomenon in malignant tumors, including HCC, by positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography using 18-fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (a glucose analogue). However, to determine the value of PET and develop new effective drugs and molecular probes, we need to comprehensively understand how hepatocellular cancer cells use glucose to supply energy. In this article, we reviewed and summarized the glycometabolism characteristics of HCC and their application in PET.