骨髓增生异常综合征感染原因及治疗策略

骨髓增生异常综合征 （MDS） 是一组起源于造血干细胞的恶性克隆性肿瘤。由于患者外周血白细胞持续低下， 较高危患者还会接受去甲基化药物、 常规药物化疗、 造血干细胞移植等治疗， 且MDS多为老年患者， 感染的风险相对较高。MDS患者感染的主要原因是中性粒细胞减少， 此外， 淋巴细胞亚群平衡异常、 铁过载、 高龄、 合并症等也是易感染的相关因素。基于上述危险因素， 对患者的感染风险进行评估， 给予早期预防及制定合适的抗感染治疗策略， 可以提高患者治疗效果及延长生存时间。

The risk factors and therapeutic strategies of infection in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of malignant clonal neoplasms originated in hematopoietic stem cells. Due to the continuous low peripheral blood leukocytes, the high-risk patients will also receive the treatment of demethylated drug, chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. MDS are mostly the elderly, and there is a relatively high risk of infection in patients. It is known that the main cause of infection in MDS patients is neutropenia, in addition, the abnormal lymphocyte subgroups, iron overload, older age, and complications are also related factors of infection. Based on these risk factors, to evaluate the risk of infection, to provide early prevention and optimization of anti-infection treatment strategies can ultimately improve the treatment effect and prolong the overall survival time of the patients.