脑卒中高危人群对卒中的认识、防治态度及药师服务需求的调查

目的：了解脑卒中高危人群对卒中危险因素的认识、防治态度及对药师服务的需求。方法：对2013-2015年各社区脑卒中筛查的426名高危人群，采用自行设计的调查问卷进行调查。结果：脑卒中高危人群对卒中的各种危险因素认识中，知晓率最高的是高血压（81.69%），全部危险因素知晓率为5.4%，6.81%的人群对所有的危险因素均不清楚；早期症状中：偏侧肢体发麻知晓率最高（62.91%），头痛头晕知晓率为60.09%，一侧肢体力量减弱、视物模糊、较严重的头痛呕吐、舌部发硬、说话不清楚等症状知晓率低于40%，全部早期症状的知晓率为6.81%，对早期症状都不清楚的占11.27%；防治态度中，100%的人愿意积极应对，力图降低中风的风险。73.47%的人群愿意通过调整饮食结构来预防；20.66%和18.54%的高危人群愿意通过定期体检、接受健康教育及健康体检的方式来预防；对药师的服务如患者教育、用药指导的需求方面，表示很需要药师服务的占56.34%，需要药师服务的占39.2%，有3.05%的人认为不需要，1.41%的人不清楚药学服务。结论：对具有脑卒中高危因素的人群加强对卒中危险因素、早期症状等相关知识的宣教，普及相关知识，并定期开展健康教育和药学监护服务，提高高危人群对卒中的防治态度。

Survey of knowledge and attitude of prevention and treatment of stroke and the needs of pharmaceutical care among the high risk groups of stroke

OBJECTIVE To investigate the knowledge of risk factors and attitude of prevention and treatment of stroke and the needs of pharmaceutical care in high risk groups of stroke.METHODS The survey was performed among 426 high risk patients from 2013 to 2015,using a self designed questionnaire on the preventive and treating knowledge as well as the needs of pharmaceutical care.RESULTS For risk factors of stroke,hypertension was the most aware (81.69%),5.4% knew all the factors while 6.81% knew none.For the early symptoms,unilateral dysaesthesia was the most aware (62.91%),followed by headache and dizziness (60.09%).Less than 40% knew the blurring,nausea and vomiting,and stiff tongue,etc.as the early symptoms.Only 6.81% knew all the early symptoms and 11.27% knew none.For the prevention and treatment,patients showed positive attitudes to all of the high risk factors,73.47% wanted to adjust the diet while only 20.66% and 18.54% wanted to prevent by accepting physical examination regularly and health education,56.34% thought pharmaceutical care was necessary and 39.2% were willing to accept pharmaceutical care,only 3.05% didn't want pharmaceutical care,and 1.41% didn't know pharmaceutical care.CONCLUSION It is important to popularize the knowledge of risk factors,early symptoms,etc.By carrying out health education,pharmacy care services can be provided regularly to improve awareness of prevention and control of stroke in patients with high risk factors.