口腔颌面外科手术室护士锐器伤调查分析与预防控制

目的： 了解口腔颌面外科手术室护士锐器伤的现状，分析其原因，并制定有效的防护对策，减少锐器伤的发生。方法： 采用问卷调查方式，对上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颌面外科手术室102名护士在2016年1月—2017年3月间发生锐器伤的情况进行调查，对锐器伤的种类、发生原因及操作环节等进行分析；针对调查分析结果采取相应的防护措施，对各个环节进行针对性整改等。结果： 口腔颌面外科手术室护士锐器伤发生率为87.2%。工作年限≥5年发生率为57.1%，<5年为95.6%；新职工发生率为91.6%，实习生为95.6%。致伤物依次为针刺损伤、刀片、玻璃；致伤环节依次为传递器械、术后整理器械、清洗器械。结论： 口腔颌面外科手术因手术器械精细、缝针繁多、手术时间长、器械人员接触尖锐器械多，容易发生锐器伤。通过针对性地预防干预，可以有效地预防锐器伤的发生。

Investigation and preventive control of sharp injuries among nurses during oral and maxillofacial surgery

PURPOSE: To investigate the status and causes of sharp injuries in nurses during oral and maxillofacial surgery, in order to make effective protective measures to reduce the occurrence of sharp injuries. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on sharp injuries for 102 nurses in the operating room during January 2016 to March 2017 on the basis of questionnaire surgery. The types of sharp injuries, the causes and the operation steps were analyzed. According to the results of investigation and analysis, appropriate protective measures were taken. RESULTS: The incidence of sharp injuries was 87.2% in nurses during oral and maxillofacial surgery, 57.1% in nurses with ≥5 years of working experience, 95.6% in nurses with fewer than 5 years of working experience, 91.6% in new staff and 95.6% in internship students. Injury objects induced by needles, blade, glass; injury happened during transmission of equipment, postoperative arrangement of equipment and cleaning equipment. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the fine surgical instruments, many kinds of needles, long operation time and more chances to contact sharp instruments, sharp injuries are prone to happen during oral and maxillofacial surgery. By targeted prevention measures, sharp injuries can be effectively prevented.