云南省2017年乙脑媒介蚊虫监测结果分析

目的 了解云南省重点地区2017年蚊虫种群构成、季节消长及不同栖息地蚊虫密度,为流行性乙型脑炎防控提供科学依据。方法 使用诱蚊灯法于流行性乙型脑炎高发季节进行成蚊密度监测,监测结果使用SPSS软件统计分析。结果 2017年共捕获蚊虫2亚科4属5亚属9种16 173只,平均蚊密度为7.02只/（灯·小时）。三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕获总数的57.03%,其次为中华按蚊,占捕获数的33.50%,各地三带喙库蚊捕获数量的中位数为158只。蚊种香农-威纳指数H=1.40;三带喙库蚊赫尔芬达尔-赫希曼指数HHI=6 022.80;5月为三带喙库蚊活动最高峰,8月为次高峰,不同栖息地中三带喙库蚊分布差异明显（P=0.00）。结论 云南省蚊虫仍具有多样性,三带喙库蚊密度在流行季节均维持在较高水平,存在乙脑暴发流行风险,4月起即应进行乙脑防控应对。

Monitoring results of mosquito vector of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan in 2017

Objective To understand the population composition, seasonal fluctuation, and density of mosquito vector of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in different habitats in Yunnan Province in 2017, so as to provide the scientific evidence for improving the prevention and control of JE. Methods The density of adult mosquitoes was monitored in the epidemic seasons of JE, and the monitoring results were analyzed by SPSS software. The way of mosquito monitoring was trapping. Results A total of 16 173 mosquitoes, 2 subfamilies, 4 genera, 5 subgenera, and 9 species were captured in 2017. The average of mosquito density was 7.02 per light·h. The H index was 1.40, and the proportion of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was 57.03% of the mosquitoes captured, the Median was 158, follaved by Anophdes sinensis(33.50%). The HHI was 6022.80. There was a significant difference among various habitats in the distribution of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus ( P=0.00). May was the highest activity peak of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and August was the another activity peak. However, the activity peak of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in August was lower than that in May. Conclusions The mosquitoes in Yunnan Province still keep diversities, and the density of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus is maintained at a high level in the epidemic season of JE. There is a high possibility of epidemic of JE, and the monitoring of JE should be started from April.