2014年福建省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况分析

  目的  分析2014年福建省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡状况，为肿瘤防治提供科学依据。  方法  根据全国肿瘤登记中心制定的数据审核和评价方法，对福建省12个肿瘤登记处上报的2014年数据进行评价，将符合要求的9个登记处数据合并分析。计算发病和死亡粗率、标化率、累积率（0~74岁），分析主要恶性肿瘤发病与死亡顺位。中国人口标化率（中标率）根据2000年中国标准人口构成计算，世界人口标化率（世标率）依照Segi's标准人口构成计算。  结果  2014年9个肿瘤登记处（城市4个，农村5个）覆盖人口5 192 590人（城市2 673 166人，农村2 519 424人）。组织学诊断比例（MV%）为73.32%，死亡/发病比（M/I）为0.69，仅有死亡医学证明书病例比例（DCO%）为0.25%。福建省恶性肿瘤发病率为254.13/10万（其中男性306.37/10万，女性200.62/10万），中标率为196.12/10万，世标率为191.96/10万，累积率（0~74岁）为22.83%。其中城市地区发病率为277.46/10万，中标率为215.86/10万；农村地区发病率为229.38/10万，中标率为175.89/10万。福建省恶性肿瘤死亡率为175.71/10万（其中男性235.47/10万，女性114.50/10万），中标率为130.13/10万，世标率为128.61/10万，累积率（0~74岁）为15.04%。其中城市地区死亡率为185.62/10万，中标率为137.88/10万；农村地区死亡率为165.20/10万，中标率为122.82/10万。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌居恶性肿瘤发病前5位，肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌和结直肠癌居恶性肿瘤死亡前5位。  结论  消化系统肿瘤、肺癌、乳腺癌是福建省最主要的恶性肿瘤，应作为肿瘤防治的重点，积极推广筛查工作，降低居民的肿瘤疾病负担。 

Analysis of cancer incidence and mortality in Fujian cancer registries, 2014

  Objective  To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in Fujian in 2014 and provide a scientific basis for tumor prevention.  Methods  In accordance with the methods and criteria of data quality control made by National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR), data from 9 registries were distinguished from those of 12 submitted registries in Fujian after assessment, merging and analysis of the data. The crude rate, standard rate, cumulative rates (0-74 years old) and proportion of leading cancers were calculated. The China 2000 Population Census data and Segi's standard population were used for calculating age-standardized rates.  Results  The population from 9 cancer registries (4 in urban and 5 in rural areas) was 5, 192, 590 (2, 673, 166 in urban and 2, 519, 424 in rural areas). The morphology-verified cases accounted for 73.32%; 0.25% of incident cases were identified through death certifications only, and the mortality to incidence ratio was 0.69. In 2014, the cancer incidence rate was 254.13/105 (306.37/105 in men and 200.62/105 in women). The agestandardized incidence by the Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by the world standard population were 196.12/105 and 191.96/ 105, respectively, while the cumulative incidence (0-74 years old) was 22.83%. The cancer incidence and ASIRC were 277.46/105 and 215.86/105 in urban areas, respectively, whereas in rural areas, they were 229.38/105 and 175.89/105, respectively. The cancer mortality was 175.71/105 (235.47/105 in men and 114.50/105 in women). The age-standardized mortality by the Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by the world standard population were 130.13/105 and 128.61/105, respectively, and the cumulative mortality rate (0-74 years old) was 15.04%. The cancer mortality and ASMRC were 185.62/105 and 137.88/105 in urban areas, respectively, whereas in rural areas, they were 165.20/105 and 122.82/105, respectively. Lung cancer had the highest incidence followed by liver, gastric, breast, and colorectal cancer. Moreover, lung cancer had the higher mortality rate followed by liver, gastric, esophageal, and colorectal cancer.  Conclusions  Digestive system neoplasms, lung cancer, and breast cancer were the most common cancers in Fujian. Active screening should be the focus of cancer prevention to reduce the burden of cancer.