精神专科医院中层管理者人格特征与心理健康状况的调查

目的探讨精神专科医院中层管理者的人格特征,并了解其心理健康状况。方法采用卡氏16种人格因素测验(16PF)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对精神专科医院中71名中层管理者进行测查,然后对测查数据进行统计学分析。结果在精神专科医院男中层管理者群体中,乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、世故性、自律性得分显著高于中国成人常模得分(t=8.794,P0.001;t=2.215,P0.05;t=18.099,11.183,4.888,7.352;P0.001;t=2.362,P0.05;t=7.070,P0.001);怀疑性、忧虑性、实验性、独立性、紧张性得分显著低于中国常模得分(t=-11.020,-8.775;P0.001;t=-2.169,P0.05;t=-4.790,-12.121;P0.001)。女中层管理者群体中,乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性、兴奋性、有恒性、敢为性、自律性得分显著高于中国常模得分(t=6.905,P0.001;t=3.027,P0.01;t=10.001,8.469,3.956,9.519,5.522;P0.001);怀疑性、忧虑性、独立性、紧张性得分显著低于中国常模得分(t=-9.010,-12.746,-3.668,-10.763;P0.001)。SCL-90各因子的得分都显著低于中国常模得分(P0.001)。11个人格因素与SCL-90因子均存在不同程度的相关。结论精神专科医院中层管理者中,中层管理者普遍具有外向、热情、富有才识、稳定成熟、轻松兴奋、做事有恒、尽职尽责、冒险敢为、果断、机灵能干、自律严谨、随和自信等优秀的人格特征。中层管理者的心理健康水平相对而言较高。在一些优秀的人格特征基础上,中层管理者们能够进行相对有效地心理调节。

Personality Characteristics and Mental Health Status of Middle Managers in the Psychiatric Hospital

Objective To explore the personality characteristics of middle managers in psychiatric hospital,and to find out their mental health status. Methods 16 PF and SCL- 90 were applied to test the seventy- one middle managers in hospital,then the test data were analyzed statistically. Results In psychiatric hospital,the factor scores in warmth（ t = 8. 794,P 0. 001）,intelligence（ t = 2. 215,P 0. 05）,stability（ t = 18. 099,P 0. 001）,excitatory（ t = 11. 183,P 0. 001）,perseverance（ t = 4. 888,P 0. 001）,assertive（ t =7. 352,P 0. 001）,sophistication（ t = 2. 362,P 0. 05） and self- discipline（ t = 7. 070,P 0. 001） of the male middle managers were significantly higher than the China norm; The factor scores in suspicion（ t =-11. 020,P 0. 001）,anxiety（ t =-8. 775,P 0. 001）,experimental（ t =-2. 169,P 0. 05）,independence（ t =-4. 790,P 0. 001） and tension（ t =-12. 121,P 0. 001） were significantly lower than the China norm. The factor scores in warmth,intelligence,stability,excitatory,perseverance,sophistication and self- discipline of the female middle managers were significantly higher than the China norm（ t = 6. 905,3. 027,10. 001,8. 469,3. 956,9. 519,5. 522; P 0. 001）; The factor scores in suspicion,anxiety,independence and tension were significantly lower than the China norm（ t =-9. 010,-12. 746,-3. 668,-10. 763; P 0. 001）. SCL- 90 of the factor scores were significantly lower than the China norm（ P 0. 001）. 11 personality factors were correlation with SCL- 90. Conclusion In middle managers of psychiatric hospital,middle managers are outgoing,passionate,full of wisdom,mature and stable,easily excited,do exercise due diligence and responsible,dare to take risks,decisive,smart competent,self- discipline,self- confidence and other outstanding personality easygoing. The mental health level of middle management is relatively high. Based on some of the outstanding personality,middle managers are able to effectively psychological adjustment.