代谢综合征与前列腺癌的研究进展

 前列腺是男性的内分泌器官,多种激素的调节异常可能在前列腺癌的发病机制中起重要作用。流行病学研究结果支持代谢综合征与前列腺癌的发生发展有关。尽管潜在的生物学机制仍未阐明,体外和动物实验已表明代谢综合征可通过细胞内类固醇和脂肪生成等适应性机制促进肿瘤增殖、细胞有丝分裂、远处转移和耐药等。代谢综合征患者体内睾酮、瘦素和脂联素等激素水平的改变可促进前列腺癌的侵袭。一些治疗代谢综合征的药物可预防或改善预后进一步提示代谢综合征可能与前列腺癌相关。未来分子生物学的研究结果将有助于我们寻找特定的通路作为靶点进行治疗以改善前列腺癌患者的预后。本文就代谢综合征与前列腺癌之间的研究进展作一综述。

Research progress on metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer

Prostate is an endocrine organ and it has been proven that dysregulation of various hormonal factors might play animportant role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. There is emerging epidemiological data to support the role of metabolic syndrome, namely, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes and hyperinsulinaemia on the development and/or the progression of prostate cancer. Although the biological mechanism of metabolic syndrome and its association with prostate cancer remain largely unknown, various studies in vitro and in vivo have proved that metabolic syndrome could promote mitogenesis,  metastasis and treatment resistance pathways through various adaptive responses such as intracellular steroidogenesis and lipogenesis. In addition, in a large proportion of men with metabolic syndrome, alterations in levels of hormones such as testosterone, leptin and adiponectin have been shown to contribute towards the aggression of prostate cancer. Whilst the exact biopathophysiological mechanisms between metabolic syndrome and prostate cancer are yet to be fully elucidated, medications that target specific components of metabolic syndrome have further provided evidence for the inter-relationship between metabolic syndrome, its components and prostate cancer. Future studies in this field are likely to help developing therapies targeting specific pathways in metabolic syndrome, and improving prognosis for men with prostate cancer.