珠海市HIV/AIDS初治病人123例流行病学及临床特征分析

目的观察珠海市HIV/AIDS初治病例的流行病学和临床特征,为本地区艾滋病防治提供依据。方法回顾性分析2005年1月-2011年12月本院收治的123例HIV/AIDS初治病例的临床资料。结果 HIV/AIDS初治病例中男:女1.93:1,20～50岁年龄组占91.05%;感染途径以性传播为主,其中异性间性传播47.97%,同性间性传播11.38%;常见临床症状为发热、腹泻和淋巴结肿大等,常见机会性感染有口腔真菌感染、肺孢子菌肺炎、结核病和带状疱疹等;CD4+淋巴细胞<100个/μL占47.15%,100～200个/μL占28.46%,200～350个/μL占23.58%,>350个/μL占0.81%。结论珠海市HIV/AIDS初治病例男性多于女性,以青壮年为主,感染途径以性传播为主。临床医生应加强对艾滋病的筛查及宣教工作,做到早发现和早治疗,遏制艾滋病蔓延。

The Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 123 Initiated Antiretroviral AIDS Patients in Zhuhai

Objective To explore the characteristics of epidemiology and clinical manifestation of HIV/AIDS infective patients in Zhuhai,and to provide evidence for AIDS preventing and controlling.Methods One hundred and twenty-three cases of HIV/AIDS infective patients,who initiated antiretroviral therapy in our hospital from January 2005 to December 2011,were analyzed.Results The male:female ratio was 1.93:1 in these AIDS patients.91.05% of patients were between twenty and fifty.Sexual contact was the major route of transmission,heterosexual activity(47.97%) and homosexual activity(11.38%).The common symptoms were fever,diarrhea and lymphadenopathy.The common opportunistic infections were thrush,pneumocystis jirocevi pneumonia,tuberculosis,herpes zoster.CD4+ lymphocyte counts less than 100/mm3 was 47.15%,between 100/mm3 and 200/mm3 was 28.46%,between 200/mm3 and 350/mm3 was 23.58%,more than 350/mm3 was 0.81%.Conclusion The persons affected with HIV/AIDS in this region are mainly young adults,more men than women;sexual contact was the major route of transmission.Clinicians should be to strengthen AIDS screening,propaganda and education,for early detection and treatment,so as to curb the spread of AIDS.