重庆市贫困人口归因方式和心理健康的相关研究

目的探讨重庆市贫困人口归因方式和心理健康的特点及其关系。方法采用贫困归因问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对961名进城务工贫困人口进行问卷测评。结果贫困归因表上的因子得分从高到低依次为负担命运、个人能力、社会制度、地理环境、个人家庭;不同年龄、性别和文化水平的贫困人口在贫困归因上有差异。SCL-90总分大于160分的贫困人口为274人,心理问题检出率为30.1%;SCL-90量表中除人际关系敏感外,其余所有因子的得分均高于中国常模;不同年龄贫困人口的SCL-90总分有差异;高分组、低分组在贫困归因的个人家庭和地理环境2个因子上有差异。SCL-90总分与贫困归因量表中的社会制度、个人家庭和地理环境3个因子呈正相关。结论贫困人口的心理健康水平低于普通人群。贫困人口将贫困归因于负担命运、个人能力和社会制度3个方面。

Correlational study on attributional style and mental health of people in poverty in Chongqing

Objective To explore the attributional style and the charcteristics of mental health of people in poverty in Chongqing and their relationships.Methods 961 migrant workers in poverty were subjected to assessment using poverty attributional queationnaire and symptom checklist 90(SCL-90).Results The ranking of the factors scoring from high to low were responsibility,personal ability,social system,geographic environment and family,according to poverty questionnaire table.Poverty attribution of people in poverty demonstrated differences in age,gender and educational level.274 people in poverty got total score of SCL-90 of more than 160 points,and the detection rate of psychological problems was 30.1%.SCL-90 revealed that scores of all factors were higher than Chinese norms,except sensitive interpersonal relationship.Total scores of SCL-90 showed difference among people in poverty of different ages.Two factors such as family and geographic environment in high score group and low score group demonstrated difference according to poverty attribution.SCL-90 total score was positively related to three factors including social system,family and geographic environment in poverty attribution scale.Conclusion Level of metal health of people in poverty is lower than ordinary people,and the poverty is due to responsibility,personal ability and social system.