HBV宫内感染的危险因素及与HBV DNA的关系

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）宫内感染的危险因素及HBV DNA含量对HBV宫内感染的影响。方法 分别用酶联免疫吸附法及荧光定量PCR法检测230例HBsAg阳性孕妇及其新生儿外周血HBV血清标志物和HBV DNA含量，发生宫内感染的为病例组，余为对照组，运用非条件Logistic回归模型对宫内感染的危险因素进行分析。结果 （1）230例HBsAg阳性孕妇分娩的新生儿中，有22例发生宫内感染。其中HBsAg阳性7例，HBV DNA阳性18例，HBsAg和HBV DNA均阳性的3例，总的HBV宫内感染率为9．6％（22／230）。（2）非条件Logistic多元回归分析表明，仅HBV DNA浓度分级有统计学意义，OR为1．57（1．12．2．21）。（3）230例HBsAg阳性孕妇中HBV DNA阳性者119例，发生宫内感染18例，感染率为15．1％（18／119），并且当孕妇血清HBV DNA浓度≥10^7copies／ml时，HBV宫内感染率显著增加，（χ^2=-7．92，P〈0．05）。结论 孕妇血清HBV DNA浓度分级是HBV宫内感染的危险因素，并且当HBV DNA浓度≥10^7copies／ml时，其宫内感染率显著增加。

Intrauterine HBV infection: risk factors and impact of HBV DNA

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of intrauterine hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the impact of HBV DNA on the infection. METHODS: The serum levels of HBsAg, HbsAb, HBeAg, HBeAb, HBcAb and HBV DNA were determined in blood samples from 230 HBsAg-positive pregnant women and their newborns by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR), respectively. The newborns acquiring HBV infection via intrauterine transmission were selected as the case group and others as the control group. The risk factors for intrauterine HBV infection were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression model. RESULTS: Six infants were found to be HBsAg-positive, and 18 HBV DNA-positive, and 3 of them were positive for both HBsAg and HBV DNA. The rate of intrauterine HBV infection was 9.6% (22/230). The grade of HBV DNA level was identified as the only risk factor of intrauterine HBV infection by non-conditional logistic regression model, with odds ratio (OR) of 1.57 (95% confidence interval 1.12-2.21). Of the 119 pregnant women positive for HBV DNA, 18 were diagnosed as having intrauterine HBV infection, and the likeliness of the infection significantly increased for a maternal serum HBV DNA level > or =10(7) copies/ml (chi(2)=7.92, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The grade of serum HBV DNA level is the predominant risk factor for intrauterine HBV infection in pregnant women, and for those with serum HBV DNA lever > or =10(7) copies/ml, the chance for intrauterine HBV infection can be significantly increased.