外泌体在变态反应性疾病中的研究进展

外泌体是晚期内体起源的一种具有脂质双层膜结构的封闭囊泡,可以携带和分泌细胞内的蛋白质、核酸等并转运至受体细胞,是信号转导和细胞间通讯的重要载体,在多种生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用。近年来的研究发现,外泌体可以调节免疫应答、传递炎症信号、释放细胞因子,在变态反应性疾病中起关键作用。由于外泌体存在于多种体液中,有望在疾病早期筛查、疗效评估及预后分析中提供帮助。因此,本文就外泌体在变态反应性疾病中的研究进展进行综述,希望为疾病的诊治和预防提供新的思路和有效靶点。

Current progress of exosome research in allergic diseases

Exosomes are closed vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane that are produced from late endosomes. They can carry and secrete cargo such as intracellular proteins and nucleic acids, and they can be transported to recipient cells. Exosomes are used for signal transduction and intercellular communication. These carriers play an important role in various physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have found that exosomes can regulate immune responses, transmit inflammatory signals, and release cytokines, which play a key role in allergic diseases. Since exosomes exist in a variety of body fluids, they are expected to aid early disease screening, efficacy evaluation, and prognostic analysis. Therefore, this study reviews the research progress regarding exosomes in allergic diseases, hoping to provide new ideas and effective targets for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.