湖南农村留守儿童意外伤害发生现状与疾病负担研究

目的 了解湖南农村留守儿童意外伤害发生现状和伤害造成的疾病负担.方法 采用整群抽样方法,在湖南省随机抽取10个村作为研究现场,以自制调查问卷对全村0～14岁留守儿童近一年内意外伤害发生状况进行调查,收集、整理资料后采用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析.结果 调查的863名儿童中,留守儿童占51.3％,男女性别比为1.28：1,7～14岁儿童占77.2％,主要监护方式以单亲监护（40.3％）和隔代监护（45.3％）为主;留守儿童意外伤害发生率为58.2％,高于非留守儿童（x2=46.751,P=0.000）,意外伤害类型主要为跌伤（29.5％）、锐器伤（14.6％）和碰撞伤（14.2％）,伤害发生地点依次为家里（47.5％）、街道田埂（21.5％）和学校（20.8％）;47.5％留守儿童伤后需休息,27.0％的儿童伤后会缺课,85.8％的留守儿童意外伤害治疗费用在500元以下.结论 我省农村留守儿童意外伤害发生率较高,但是治疗费用较低,应提高家长对留守儿童意外伤害的重视,加强农村基础设施建设,加大政府投入力度,以减少意外伤害的发生和对儿童带来的损伤.

Investigation of Accident Injury Incidence and Its Health Burden among the Left-behind Children in Rural Area of Hunan

OBJECTIVE To investigate the accident injury incidence and its health burden among the left-behind children in Hunan. METHODS Cluster sampling all the 0-14 years old children from 10 village in Hunan, self-made questionnaires were finished and analyzed by SPSS 17.0 after collection and arrangement. RESULTS Left-behind children accounted for 51.3% in 863 children, the male to female ratio was 1.28： 1, age from 7 to 14 accounted for 77.2%, the main mode of monitoring was uniparental care（40.3%） and taken care（45.3%） ; the accident rate in left-behind children was 58.2%, which higher than non left-behind children, the main type of accident were Injuries（29.5%）, sharp instrument injury（14.6%） and collision injury（14.2%）, damage occurred mainly at home（47.5%）, streets（21.5%） and school（20.8%）; 47.5% left-behind children need rest after injury, 27.0% of them were absence and 85.8% of their treatment costs were below 500 yuan. CONCLUSION The accident rate in left-behind children was higher, but costs were lower, it should strengthen the attention of parents, the infrastructure construction in rural, and increase government investment to reduce the occurrence of accidents.