模拟快速上浮脱险对潜艇艇员咽鼓管通气功能的影响

目的 测试模拟快速上浮脱险中潜艇艇员咽鼓管开放功能的变化,为潜艇艇员快速上浮脱险提供合理的医学保障和依据.方法 应用ET-100咽鼓管开放功能测试仪测试5名潜艇艇员在3、10 m水加压前后,10、30 m(分别以t/30、t/20速率)气加压前后,50、60 m以t/20速率气加压前后,分别检测艇员吞咽时咽鼓管(eustachian tube,ET)开放功能,并作统计学处理.结果 3、10 m水加压后ET平均开放度下降8.09%、9.79%(P>0.05);以t/30、t/20速率,10 m气加压后ET平均开放度下降11.51%,6.89%(P>0.05),30 m气加压后ET平均开放度下降58.3%、92.8%(P<0.01);以t/20加压速率进行的50、60 m气加压后ET平均开放度下降14.51%、7.56%(P>0.05).结论 各深度快速加减压对潜艇艇员咽鼓管开放功能影响差别不大,不会由于加压方式、加压速率不同而导致咽鼓管开放等级产生显著变化;快速加减压的耐受性越强,ET主动开放通气度越大.

Effects of rapid air pressure changes on the ventilatory function of eustachian tube in submariners during fast buoyancy ascent escape

Objective To measure changes in the ventilatory function of eustachian tube (ET) in submariners during fast buoyancy ascent escape training, so as to offer better medical support for fast buoyancy ascent escapes of submariners. Methods The ventilatory function of eustachian tube of 5 male submariners was measured with ET-100, both before and after compression to 3 and 10 m, 10 and 30 m (at a speed rate doubled every 30 and 20 seconds respectively) , and 50 and 60 m (at a rate doubled every 20 seconds). Statistical analyses were made following experiments. Results Experiments showed that OGV dropped by 8.09% and 9.79% (P>0.05) following compression to 3 and 10 m, while OGV dropped by 11.51% and 6.89% (P>0.05 )after compression to 10m at a rate doubled every 30 and 20 seconds. However, OGV dropped by 14.51% and 7.56% (P<0.05) when they were compressed to 50 and 60 m at a rate doubled every 20 seconds. Conclusions Rapid compression and decompression at different depths had little effect on the ventilatory function of eustachian tube. Neither the mode nor the rate of compression had noticeable effects on the ventilatory function of ET. Greater tolerance to rapid compression and decompression, better ventilatory function of ET it will be.